芳纶复合气凝胶的3D打印及其电磁屏蔽性能研究

Study on the 3D Printing of Aramid Composite Aerogel and Its Electromagnetic Shielding Properties

以碳纳米管/芳纶纳米纤维(CNT/ANF)混合分散液为打印墨水,通过3D打印技术和溶剂诱导相分离方法制备形状可定制的CNT@ANF导电复合气凝胶。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶红外光谱仪、热重分析仪、比表面和孔隙率分析仪、万能材料试验机和矢量网络分析仪对复合气凝胶的形貌、结构组成以及力学和电磁屏蔽性能进行表征。结果表明,CNT被成功引入ANF气凝胶网络中,并且随着CNT含量的增大,复合气凝胶的导电性和电磁屏蔽性能也相应提高。当CNT体积分数为8.2%时,常压干燥得到的复合气凝胶的断裂应力可达1600kPa,比电磁屏蔽效能为16239.5dB·cm^(2)·g^(-1)。

CNT@ANF conductive composite aerogels were fabricated by 3D-printing method using carbon nanotube/aramid nanofibers(CNT/ANFs)dispersion as the printing ink.The morphology,structural composi⁃tion,mechanical and electromagnetic interference shielding properties of the composite aerogels were char⁃acterized by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffractometer,Fourier infrared spectroscopy,thermo⁃gravimetric analyzer,specific surface area and porosity analyzer,universal material testing machine and vec⁃tor network analyzer,respectively.The results show that CNT is successfully introduced into the ANF aero⁃gel.The conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding performance of the composite aerogels are enhanced with the content of CNT in the composite aerogels increases.When the volume fraction of CNT is 8.2%,the fracture strength and the specific electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of the ambi⁃ent dried composite aerogels reach 1600 kPa and 16239.5 dB·cm^(2)·g^(-1),respectively.