声脉冲传播法在测试化纤动态弹性模量上的研究

Study on Measuring Dynamic Elastic Modulus of Chemical Fiber by Sonic-Pulse Propagation Method

声脉冲传播法测试化纤长丝的动态弹性模量(以下简称声模量)能够反映材料的刚性,测试过程试样无损,操作方法简便、快捷、可靠,针对性强,适用面广,即使试样密度未知也能确定声模量。用该方法测试了不同纤维的声模量,得出:声模量最大值从大到小依次是涤纶、黏胶纤维、腈纶、丙纶、锦纶,符合初始模量从大到小依次是涤纶、黏胶纤维、腈纶、丙纶、锦纶的认知。对于涤纶而言,因为加工工艺不同、截面不同,声模量测试结果从大到小排序为:圆形截面涤纶牵伸丝,异形截面涤纶牵伸丝;涤纶高取向丝,涤纶预取向丝,涤纶中取向丝。该测试结果与加工工艺是一致的。研究表明,声脉冲传播法能够区分不同品种、不同工艺纤维的刚性。

The dynamic elastic modulus(hereinafter called sonic modulus)of chemical filaments can be de⁃termined by sonic-pulse propagation method,which can reflect the rigidity of the material.The test speci⁃men is nondestructive,the method is simple,fast,reliable,targeted,wide application,and the sonic modu⁃lus can be determined even if the sample density is unknown.The sonic modulus of different fibers is tested by this method.The results show that the maximum sonic modulus is polyester fiber,viscose fiber,acrylic fi⁃ber,polypropylene fiber,and polyamide fiber in order from large to small,which accords with the cognition that the initial modulus is polyester fiber,viscose fiber,acrylic fiber,polypropylene fiber,and polyamide fi⁃ber in order from large to small.For polyester,due to different processing technology and different sections,the order from large to small of sonic modulus test results is round section polyester fiber,shaped section polyester fiber;high orientation polyester fiber,pre-oriented polyester fiber,medium orientation polyester fi⁃ber.The test results are consistent with the processing technology.The researches show that the sonic pulse propagation method can distinguish the rigidity of different varieties and different process fibers.