语义网赋能建筑信息交付及模型数据模式分析

Building information delivery and model schema analysis empowered by Semantic Web

针对以建筑信息模型(BIM)进行交付的信息共享模式所依赖的工业基础类(IFC)标准行业适用性不足且难以拓展的问题,探讨在IFC基础上引入语义网实现异源数据集成共享,并于语义层面实现信息交付。首先,通过算法解析和模型转化介绍语义化建模方法,并以二层钢框架厂房结构为例对该方法进行说明;然后,通过对转化案例进行数据模式分析,以验证建筑信息交付的准确性和建筑语义的可传递性。案例实践论证基于IfcOWL本体的语义化建模方法的可实施性;通过分析该语义化模型单元实例的数据模式,探究制约该语义化建模方法赋能建筑信息交付的关键因素;针对语义化建模方法所面临的问题,提出冗余信息规避、领域本体开发和轻量化语义建模的初步解决思路。SPARQL查询实例表明,所解析的数据模式对规避冗余信息有效。因此,该方法在共享和集成建筑多源异构信息方面具有优势,能有效提升建筑信息管理的智能化水平。

In the construction industry,information sharing by the building information modeling(BIM)generally relies on the industry foundation classes(IFC)schema,but the latter,s unsatisfactory adaptability and inextensibility restrain the former.To overcome the limitations,the Semantic Web was introduced based on the IFC schema to realize heterogeneous data integration and sharing and further achieve semantic-level information delivery.Firstly,the semantic modeling method was introduced through algorithm analysis and model transformation.Secondly,this method was used to create a semantic model for a two-story steel frame building.Finally,the schema of this model was verified for accuracy of the building information delivery and the transferability of the building semantics.The practicability of the semantic modeling method with IfcOWL ontology was supported by the modeling case.The key factors that restrain this semantic modeling method from empowering building information delivery was explored by analyzing the schema of the element of the semantic model.And introductory ideas about redundant information avoidance,domain ontology development,and lightweight semantic modeling were proposed to fill the gap.The SPARQL query case shows that the parsed schema is effective for avoiding redundant information.Consequently,this method has advantages in sharing and integrating multi-source heterogeneous building information and can effectively improve the intelligent level of building information management.