佤族“达巴召”传说风物研究

A Study on the Folk Features of Dabazhao of Wa Nationality

民间传说是描述某个历史人物或历史事件、解释某种风物或者习俗的口头传奇故事。传说对所涉及的风物具有一定的解释,是民间群众阐释自然物产最常见的方式之一,而民间风物的存在则反作用于传说本身。佤族“达巴召”传说中的风物种类繁多,与群众生活息息相关。佤族祖先敬畏自然与崇拜自然,形成万物有灵的观念,加之传说“达巴召”具有超出常人的神力,致使对物产的解释具有一定神圣性。而民间民众实际生活中的景物和信仰,更是传说流传于民间的重要因素,并且有助于传说讲述者回忆故事情节。正是这些风物的存在,使传说永久流传于佤族民众的社会生活当中,从而形成了地方独特的文化元素。

Folklore is an oral legend that describes a historical figure or event and explains a certain folk feature.Legends have a certain interpretation of the folk features involved,which is one of the most common ways for folk people to interpret natural products,and the existence of folk features react on the legends themselves.There are many kinds of folk features in the legend of Dabazhao of the Wa na⁃tionality,which are closely related to the people’s life.The Wa ancestors revered nature and wor⁃shipped nature,forming the idea that everything has a spirit.In addition,it is said that Dabazhao has su⁃pernatural power beyond ordinary people,so the interpretation of the property has a certain sacredness.The scenes and beliefs in the actual life of the folk people are an important factor for the legend to spread among the people,and help the storyteller recall the story.It is the existence of these features that make the legend spread in the social life of the Wa people forever,thus forming the unique local cultural elements.