大理方言重叠式名词的造词理据

The Motivation for Word Formation of Overlapping Nouns in Dali dialect

大理方言中有数量丰富的重叠式名词,其中一部分词语呈现出了较强的理据性,显性的造词理据涉及到事物的外形、颜色、声音、味道、功能、生活环境等方面,隐性的造词理据与修辞、民俗文化有关。对事物或某一现象命名的侧重点不同,反映出的造词理据有差别,大理方言中的大部分重叠式名词构词语素通俗,理据清晰易懂,有些词只流行于大理方言区,反映了地方特色民族文化,有些词可以在南北方言区通用,折射出汉文化的深远。

There are abundant overlapping nouns in Dali dialect,and some of them exhibit strong moti⁃vation.The explicit motivation for word formation involves aspects such as the appearance,color,sound,taste,function,and living environment of things,while the implicit motivation for word creation is related to rhetoric and folk culture.The different emphasis on naming things or phenomena reflects different reasons for word formation.Most of the overlapping noun morphemes in Dali dialect are colloquial,with clear and easy to under⁃stand reasoning.Some words are only popular in the Dali dialect area,reflecting local characteristics and ethnic culture,while others can be used in the northern and southern dialect areas,reflecting the profound influence of Chinese culture.