国外发达国家体育赛事行政监管研究:域外经验与中国启示

Research on Administrative Supervision of Sports Events in Developed Countries Abroad:Overseas Experience and Enlightenment for China

2022年6月24日修订通过的《体育法》增设“监督管理”章,标志着体育赛事行政监管的相关工作提上日程。国内体育赛事行政监管处于法治化发展的初始阶段,需要在改制的过程中汲取域外的相关监管经验。由此,研究基于行政法律监管理论,采用“赛前、赛中、赛后”的三段论研究方法,从立法、执法、行政处罚,到赛事安全标准及赛事安全风险等内容,研究英、美、澳三个具有代表性的域外发达国家的体育赛事行政监管经验,得出以下运用于我国体育赛事行政监管的启示:赛前立法阶段,形成法律法规的具体化;赛中执法阶段,政府委托监管与分级分类监管并行;赛后完善阶段,加强行政处罚与风险转移。

The Sports Law,revised and passed on June 24,2022,added a“supervision and management”chapter,marking the relevant work of administrative supervision of sports events on the agenda.The administrative supervision of domestic sports events is in the initial stage of legal development,and it is necessary to draw on relevant regulatory experience from abroad in the process of restructuring.Therefore,based on the theory of administrative legal supervision,this paper adopts the aristotelian logic research method of“pre competition,during competition and after competition”to study the experience of sports event administrative supervision in three representative developed countries outside the United Kingdom,the United States and Australia from the aspects of legislation,law enforcement,administrative punishment,event safety standards and event safety risks,and draws the following enlightenment applied to China’s sports event administrative supervision:the pre competition legislative stage,the concretization of laws and regulations is formed,during the law enforcement stage during the competition,government commissioned supervision and hierarchical classification supervision are carried out in parallel,and during the post competition improvement stage,administrative penalties and risk transfer are strengthened.