生态美学视域下王阳明居夷诗的生态书写——自然、社会与精神

The Ecological Writing of Wang Yangming’s Juyi Poems from the Perspective of Ecological Aesthetics:Nature,Society and Spirit

谪居贵州是王阳明心学体系走向成熟的重要转折点,居夷诗折射出了王阳明当时的生存状态。与其“万物一体”“恻隐之心”心学观相勾连,诗中自然生态书写表现为喜山乐水与怜悯生物;在贵州百姓的热情关切下,其诗中社会生态书写表现为由外来个体向社会群体转变;受贬谪之苦与生活之乐的交互影响,其诗中精神生态书写表现为忧伤郁结伴自我开解。物质文明不断发展,人们赖以生存的自然、社会与精神生态脆弱程度加深,王阳明居夷诗中的生态书写饱含生存智慧,对启发今人处理人与自然、人与社会、人与自我的关系有重要意义,同时生态美学对王阳明居夷诗研究提供了新的视角。

The exile to Guizhou is an important turning point for Wang Yangming’s psychological study system to mature.The poems in exile can effectively discount Wang Yangming’s living state.In connection with the“all things are one”and“compassion of the heart”,the natural ecology writing in the poem is manifested as the joy of mountains,the joy of water and the compassion of creatures.Under the enthusiasm and concern of Guizhou people,the social ecology writing in his poems is manifested as the transformation of foreign individuals into social groups;Influenced by the interaction between the suffering of relegation and the joy of life,the spiritual ecological writing in his poems is characterized by sadness and depression accompanied by self-resolution.With the continuous development of material civilization,the fragility of the natural,social and spiritual ecology that people rely on for their survival has deepened.The ecological writing in Wang Yangming’s residence poetry is full of survival wisdom,which is of great significance to enlightening people to deal with the relationship between man and nature,society and self.At the same time,the ecological aesthetics of Wang Yangming’s residence poetry provides a new perspective for the study of Wang Yangming’s literature.