匠心租金的构念、获取路径与演化过程——基于六家“百年老店”的阐释

The Construct,Garnering Paths and Evolution Process of Ingenuity Rent:Based on the Interpretation of Six"Time-honored Shops"

本文始于“道”、“技”和“器”等传统技术哲学元素或概念,以及“技艺—价值”思想的阐发,根续自《考工记》的6个手工业、目的性抽样了六家“百年老店”,采用扎根理论和多案例研究方法,获得了以下结论:(1)匠心租金的实质是,基于物品技能技术技艺的创新者和实现者非对称人力资本资源和能力的租金;(2)在尚巧—老套、坚守—悖逆、求精—倦怠、合时—落伍、求长—近利匠心五维度的张力中,匠心租金沿着技艺起步、根脉植入、产品致用、引领当代、历久传世的路径而逐级获得;(3)在外化于形、内修于心、固化于制、货殖于市、业内翘楚中实现匠心租金的演化。本文与工匠精神学说、经济租金理论进行了对话,并援引组织张力学说发展了既有研究成果;建言管理者回归人本主义,获取和延续匠心租金,培育更多的“大国工匠”。

This paper begins with the elucidation of elements and concepts,such as Tao,Ji and Qi,etc.,and"skill-value"thoughts of Chinese traditional philosophy of technology,from their practice of six Time-honored Shops(THSs)based on the six handicraft industries in original KAOGONGJI,and from the craftsman-firm's data unit.It is found through Grounded Theory method and the multi-case study method that:(1)the essence of ingenuity rent is the rent of asymmetric human capital resources and capabilities of innovators and imple⁃mentors based on product skills,technologies and techniques;(2)and in the five dimensions tension of skillfulness-conventionality,perse⁃verance-rebellion,refinement-burnout,timeliness-obsolescence,and long-term-profitability,ingenuity rent is garnered step by step along the path of technique origination,root vein implantation,product application,leading the contemporary and long-standing inheritance;(3)and then it achieves evolution by externalized in form,internalized in mind,solidified in system,goods colonized in the market and enter⁃prises lasting.This paper does a dialogue with craftsmanship theory and rent theory,and invokes the theory of organizational tension to deepen and develop the existing research results.It also brings inspiration to managers to return to humanism,cultivate more"Chinese craftsmen",and obtain and continue the ingenuity rent,and help the manufacturing giant to leap-over to the manufacturing power.