后人类时代中国科幻小说创作的人学观面向

An Anthropological View of Chinese Science Fiction in the Posthuman Era

与科技天然血脉相连的科幻小说,在回应后人类时代提出的新人学及其价值观问题上,不仅承担着展望未来的预演使命,还肩负了回应现实的时代重任。当前,多数科幻小说仍坚持强调人之为人的特质,由于算法技术的突进,迫使作家强调具身性,从情感转向知觉系统及欲望本真。少量科幻小说开始试图超越有机/无机,虚/实界限,以更开放、包容的姿态重构人与技术/技术物的平等关系,并推演人和人类社会的未来新可能。无论哪一种想象,都是科幻小说践行科技核心精神的体现,即以认知为基础的创新和超越。从科技维度建构的以人为本的新价值立场,既呈现出符合时代发展需求的人学肌理,又为文学反思、叩问科技与人的关系问题,提供了更富阐释力度的思考。

Science fiction,which is naturally connected with science and technology,has not only assumed the mission of looking into the future,but also the responsibility of responding to the reality when responding to the new anthropology and its values raised in the post-human era.At present,most science fiction novels still insist on emphasizing the qualities of human beings.Due to the advancement of algorithmic technology,writers have to emphasize embodiment,shifting from emotions to perceptual systems and the nature of human desire.Some science fiction novels have begun to try to transcend the organic/inorganic and imaginary/real boundaries,to reconstruct the equal relationship between human beings and technology/technological objects in a more open and inclusive manner,and to project new possibilities for the future of human beings and human society.No matter which kind of imagination,it is the embodiment of science fiction practicing the core spirit of science and technology,i.e.innovation and transcendence based on cognition.The new human-centered value position constructed from the dimension of science and technology not only presents an anthropological texture that meets the developmental needs of the times,but also provides a more interpretative reflection for literature to rethink and inquire about the relationship between science,technology and human beings.