视嗅感知下校园绿地的恢复性效益研究

Study on the Restorative Benefits of Campus Green Space under Visual and Olfactory Perceptions

校园绿地作为学生压力恢复、调节情绪的有效媒介,值得深入探讨。借用生理指标(收缩压、舒张压、心率、脑电波)和心理指标(POMS量表),选取花香(栀子)和叶香(雪松),探究视嗅感知下校园绿地恢复性效益的差异,通过SD景观感知量表判断嗅觉对视觉感知评价的影响,结果表明:1)栀子花香和雪松叶香均能显著降低舒张压、提高注意力(P<0.01),校园绿地中香气能够改善消极情绪,其中栀子花香更能缓解疲劳、提高精力,视嗅感知比单一视觉感知下的恢复性效益更强;2)栀子花香在高、中、低绿视率水平(10%~85%)环境下均能显著放松身心(P<0.05),雪松叶香在绿视率为35%~85%的环境中能显著降低压力(P<0.05),θ波在任何气味介入的不同绿视率校园绿地中没有显著变化;3)气味可以改变人对视觉景观的感知评价,且气味类型与场地自然感、氛围感和有趣度显著相关(P<0.05)。因此,校园绿地建设可结合视嗅感官体验,根据绿视率或其他环境特征合理种植芳香植物,增强场地恢复性水平。

Campus green space,as an effective medium for students to recover from stress and regulate their emotions,must be taken seriously.This study relied on physiological indicators(such as systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,heart rate,and EEG),psychological indicators(POMS scale),and attention levels(schulte grid),selecting flower fragrance(gardenia)and leaf fragrance(cedar)to explore the differences in the restorative benefits of campus green spaces under visual and olfactory perceptions.And then the SD landscape perception scale was used to determine the impact of olfactory perception on visual perception evaluation.The results showed that:1)Both gardenia fragrance and cedar leaf fragrance could significantly reduce diastolic blood pressure and improve attention(P<0.01).The presence of aroma in campus green spaces can improve negative emotions,while the fragrance of gardenia can better alleviate fatigue and increase energy.Visual and olfactory perceptions had stronger restorative benefits than single visual perception.2)Gardenia fragrance could significantly relax the body and mind in environments with high,middle,and low green vision indexes(10%-85%)(P<0.05),while cedar leaf fragrance could significantly reduce stress in environments with a green vision rate of 35%-85%(P<0.05).There was no significant change in the presence ofθwaves in campus green spaces with different green vision rates under any odor intervention.3)Odor could change people's perception and evaluation of visual landscapes,and the type of odor was significantly correlated with the site's sense of naturalness,atmosphere,and fun(P<0.05).Therefore,the construction of campus green spaces can be combined with visual and olfactory sensory experiences,and aromatic plants can be planted reasonably based on green vision rate or other environmental characteristics to enhance the level of site restoration.