低龄未成年人罪错行为的法律规制

On the Legal Regulation of Juvenile Delinquent Behavior

近年来,未成年人罪错行为低龄化呈明显上升趋势,对低龄未成年人罪错行为进行有效法律规制是应对这一问题的关键工程。我国当前的少年司法制度呈现行政干预体系与刑事司法体系的二元结构,未成年人司法附属于成人刑事司法体系。在缺失针对性的单一行政干预体制下,低于刑事责任年龄未成年人的罪错行为是需要各界密切关注的规制范畴。对此,单纯依靠个别降低刑事责任年龄是远远不够的,依据双轨制少年司法体系,除了在《刑法修正案(十一)》规定的范围内启动刑事追诉外,还应当进一步厘清低龄罪错未成年人处理的层次与标准;通过联动强制亲职教育提升家庭监管能力,并尽可能做到“一家庭一方案”;在实施专门矫治教育制度的过程中,对未成年人人身自由有限制的措施,应当由法院通过司法化程序来统一适用。在尊重低龄未成年人罪错行为“自愈”规律的前提下,确保公权力的有效介入,实现未成年人保护的真正价值。

In recent years,the juvenile delinquency behavior shows an increasing trend at a younger age.Effective legal regulation of juvenile delinquency behavior is the key project to solve this problem.The current juvenile justice system in our country presents a dual structure of the administrative intervention system and the criminal justice system,with the juvenile justice attached to the adult criminal justice system.The delinquency of minors below the age of criminal responsibility is a regulatory category that needs close attention in the absence of a single targeted administrative intervention system.In this regard,it if far from enough to rely solely on lowering the age of criminal responsibility;under the two-track juvenile justice system,in addition to initiating criminal prosecution within the scope of the Criminal Law Amendment(XI),the levels and standards for handling minors below the age of criminal responsibility should be further clarified;Enhancing family supervision ability through linked compulsory parenting education,and trying to achieve“one family,one plan”;In the process of implementing the special corrective education system,the measures restricting the personal freedom of minors shall be uniformly applied by the court through judicial procedures.On the premise of respecting the law of“self-healing”of juvenile delinquency,we should ensure the effective intervention of public power to realize the real value of juvenile protection.