针刺联合止吐药防治全麻术后恶心呕吐效果的Meta分析

Meta-analysis of the effect of acupuncture combined with antiemetics on prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia

目的系统评价针刺(手针、电针)防治全麻术后恶心呕吐的效果。方法计算机检索Embase、PubMed、Cochrane、中国知网、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方医学等数据库,纳入有关针刺联合止吐药防治全麻术后恶心、呕吐的随机对照试验(RCT),检索年限为建库至2022年9月,采用RevMan 5.3进行统计分析。结果共纳入15篇文献,患者1493例,其中止吐药组741例,针刺联合止吐药组752例。与止吐药组比较,针刺联合止吐药组术后恶心发生率明显降低(OR=0.43,95%CI 0.34~0.54,P<0.001),术后呕吐发生率明显降低(OR=0.55,95%CI 0.45~0.66,P<0.001)。结论与单用止吐药比较,采用针刺(手针、电针)联合止吐药患者术后恶心和呕吐的发生率更低。

Objective To evaluate the effect of acupuncture(manual acupuncture,electroacupuncture)on prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia.Methods By searching CNKI,VIP,China Biomedical Literature Database,Wanfang Medical,Embase,PubMed,Cochrane Clinical Trial Registry,randomized controlled trial(RCT)on acupuncture combined with antiemetics for the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia were performed.The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to September 2022.RevMan 5.3 was used for statistical analysis.Results Fifteen studies involving 1493 patients were included.There were 741 patients in the antiemetic group and 752 patients in the acupuncture combined antiemetic group.The incidence of postoperative nausea in the acupuncture combined with antiemetics group was significantly lower than that in the simple antiemetics group(OR=0.43,95%CI 0.34-0.54,P<0.001).The incidence of postoperative vomiting in the acupuncture combined with antiemetics group was significantly lower than that in the simple antiemetics group(OR=0.55,95%CI 0.45-0.66,P<0.001).Conclusion The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was lower in patients treated with acupuncture(manual acupuncture,electroacupuncture)combined with antiemetics than with antiemetics alone.