快速顺序诱导气管插管的研究进展

Research progress on rapid sequence induction and intubation

快速顺序诱导气管插管(RSII)是为反流误吸高风险患者气管插管提供的一种保护性措施。经典RSII技术包括:有效的预充氧、快速顺序给予硫喷妥钠和琥珀酰胆碱、环状软骨加压、诱导时避免正压通气、使用带套囊气管导管插管。RSII经历了多次“改良”,但至今临床获益及风险仍未明确。当前技术的发展改变了一些传统观念,如预充氧方式的选择、插管的可视化和正压通气的应用等。本文综述了RSII应用研究进展,旨在为临床RSII实施提供参考。

Rapid sequence induction and intubation(RSII)is a protective process in patients at high risk of aspiration/regurgitation in an emergency.The procedures of classical RSII include effective pre-oxygenation,administration of thiopental and succinylcholine,application of cricoid pressure,avoidance of positive-pressure ventilation before intubation,and intubation with a cuffed tracheal tube.Although RSII has evolved many times,its clinical benefits and risks remain undefined.In particular,some of the traditional concepts of RSII have been changed by the development of pre-oxygenation,visualization of intubation,application of positive-pressure ventilation,and other new techniques.This article reviews the latest progress of RSII research,aiming to provide a better reference for clinical practice.