沿海防护林体系建设工程区生态系统服务权衡/协同及驱动力

Trade⁃off/synergy and driving force analysis of ecosystem services in the Coastal Shelter Forest System Construction Project region

探究沿海地区的生态系统服务、权衡协同关系及其驱动机制是区域自然资源科学管理及生态合理规划的基础,对有效提升地区生态、经济、社会效益和人类福祉具有重要理论意义。以海防林工程区为研究区,多角度探究区域内固碳、土壤保持、产水量的生态系统服务、关系特征、驱动机制,从而为沿海地区制定合理生态建设规划提供参考。研究结果表明:(1)沿海防护林体系建设工程区在2000—2020年期间生态系统服务水平整体提升,生态建设效果第二期最佳。(2)2000—2020年区域内各生态系统服务间以协同关系为主,土壤保持和产水量协同显著。(3)建设分区、建设分亚区生态系统服务间关系尺度效应主要存在于土壤保持和产水量。(4)权衡协同关系北方主要受气象因子影响,南方受植被、地形地貌因子影响,人类活动对权衡协同关系的影响以负效应为主,驱动因子存在空间异质性。

Exploring ecosystem services,trade-off synergistic relationships,and their driving mechanisms is the basis for scientific management of natural resources and ecologically rational planning,and has importantly theoretical significance for effectively enhancing regional ecological,economic and social benefits,and human well-being.The coastal protection forest is an important coastal green ecological barrier in China,which is one of ten major ecological barriers and major ecological restoration projects being built in China.Using this area as the study area,we investigated the service quantities of carbon sequestration,soil conservation,and water production in the region based on the RUSLE model,InVEST model method,and analyzed the synergistic relationships and driving mechanisms based on Pearson correlation coefficient method,so as to provide reference for formulation of reasonable ecological construction plans in coastal areas and is essential for improving the ecological situation in coastal areas as well as promoting sustainable economic and social development in coastal areas.The results of the study showed that:(1)the overall level of ecosystem services in the Coastal Shelter Forest System Construction Project(CSFSCP)increased between 2000—2020,and the best ecological construction effect was achieved in the second phase.Temporally,the CSFSCP project increased the overall ecosystem service capacity by 10.63%between 2000—2015 and decreased the overall ecosystem service capacity by 19.33%between 2016—2020.Spatially,ecosystem services increased significantly in the area south of the Yangtze River.(2)The overall synergistic relationship between ecosystem services in the whole region between 2000—2020 was dominant,with significant synergy between soil conservation and water production.The overall level of synergy between ecosystem services was the highest in the second phase of CSFSCP construction.Among these,the correlation coefficient between carbon sequestration and soil conservation was 0.06,soil conservation and water production was 0.68,carbon sequestration and water production was 0.02.(3)The scale effect of the relationship between ecosystem services in the construction sub-region and construction sub-region existed mainly in soil conservation and water production.Soil conservation and water production were significantly synergistic across the region and building sub-region,with significant trade-offs in the building sub-region;carbon sequestration and soil conservation were synergistic across the region with significant synergies in the building sub-region.(4)There was spatial and temporal heterogeneity as well as complexity in the drivers and driving mechanisms affecting inter-ecosystem relationships in the four CSFSCP construction zones.The degree and direction of influence of different drivers on the trade-off synergistic relationships varied from region to region.The trade-off synergy was mainly influenced by meteorological factors in the north,vegetation and topographic factors in the south,and the impact of human activities on the trade-off synergy was mainly negative,with spatial heterogeneity in the driving factors.