中青年冠心病患者PCI术后重返工作自我效能的影响因素

Analysis of influencing factors on self-efficacy of young and middle-aged patientswith coronary heart disease after PCI

目的调查中青年冠心病患者PCI术后重返工作岗位自我效能的现状,分析其影响因素及其与社会支持、睡眠质量、焦虑情绪之间的关系。方法对2022年1月至12月在安徽某三甲医院进行门诊或住院的200例患者进行横断面调查,采用一般资料调查表,重返工作自我效能问卷、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量问卷(PSQI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行调查。结果中青年冠心病患者PCI术后重返工作岗位自我效能得分为(40.87±11.87)分,处于较低水平;社会支持得分为(33.09±6.99)分处于较低水平;睡眠质量得分(9.68±4.80)分,处于较差水平;焦虑得分为(47.64±12.359)分,处于轻中度焦虑水平。多因素分析结果显示焦虑与冠状动脉病变数目为重返工作岗位自我效能的主要影响因素。相关性分析显示重返工作岗位自我效能评分与社会支持、焦虑和睡眠质量总分具有相关性(P<0.05)。其中社会支持得分与重返工作岗位自我效能为正相关(r=0.223)。重返工作岗位自我效能与焦虑和睡眠质量总分为负相关(r=-0.888,-0.782)。结论中青年冠心病患者PCI术后重返工作岗位自我效能水平有待提高,加强患者社会支持,减少患者负性情绪,改善其睡眠质量可能是提高患者重返工作岗位自我效能的有效措施。

Objective To investigate the status quo of self-efficacy in young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease after PCI,and analyze its influencing factors and its relationship with social support,sleep quality and anxiety.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 patients who were hospitalized or outpatients in a Grade-A hospital in Anhui province from January to December 2022.The general data questionnaire,Return to Work Self-efficacy Questionnaire,Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire(PSQI),and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)were used to investigate.Results The return to work self-efficacy score of young and middle-aged patients after PCI was 40.87±11.87,which was at a low level;the social support score was 33.09±6.99 at a low level;the score of sleep quality 9.68±4.80 was at a poor level;The anxiety score was 47.64±12.359,which was mild to moderate anxiety level.The results of multi-factor analysis showed that anxiety and the number of coronary artery lesions were the main factors affecting self-efficacy of returning to work.Correlation analysis showed that the return to work self-efficacy score was correlated with the total score of social support,anxiety and sleep quality(P<0.05).The social support score was positively correlated with the self-efficacy of returning to work,and the correlation coefficient was 0.223.The return to work self-efficacy was negatively correlated with the total score of anxiety and sleep quality,with correlation coefficients of-0.888 and-0.782.Conclusion The level of self-efficacy of young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease returning to work after PCI needs to be improved.Strengthening patients′social support,reducing patients′negative emotions and improving their sleep quality may be effective measures to improve patients′self-efficacy returning to work.