公共数据开放能提升企业全要素生产率吗?

Does Public Data Access Promote Enterprise’s Total Factor Productivity?

数据要素开放是数字时代促进经济高质量发展的重要方式。本文从企业层面考察了公共数据开放对全要素生产率的影响及其作用机制,发现公共数据开放能够促进企业全要素生产率增长,城市的公共数据开放水平每提高1%,当地企业全要素生产率平均提升约0.18%。异质性分析发现,公共数据开放对民营企业、服务业企业全要素生产率提升最为明显,并且更高水平的公共数据开放能够更有效地提升企业全要素生产率。机制分析显示,公共数据开放有利于改善区域营商环境,盘活企业资产流转,提升资源配置效率,以及降低企业销售、管理成本,促进企业全要素生产率的提升。地方政府应创造良好的数据要素开放环境,进一步提升公共数据开放水平,发挥数据要素赋能作用,促进经济高质量发展。

The opening of data factors is an important way to promote the high-quality development of the economy in the digital era.This paper examines the impact of public data access on total factor productivity and the mechanism behind it at the enterprise level and finds that an increase in the level of public data access leads to an increase in the total factor productivity of enterprises.For every 1%increase in the level of public data access in a city,the total factor productivity of local enterprises increases by about 0.18%on average.The heterogeneity analysis shows that the improvement in total factor productivity brought by public data access is more significant for private enterprises and service enterprises and a higher degree of public data access can more effectively improve the total factor productivity of the enterprise.The mechanism analysis shows that public data access is conducive to improving the regional business environment,invigorating the flow of enterprise assets,enhancing the efficiency of resource allocation,reducing the costs of enterprise sales and management,and promoting the growth of enterprise total factor productivity.Local governments should create a favorable environment for the opening of data factors,further enhance the level of public data access,give play to the enabling role of data factors,and promote the high-quality development of the economy.