黄芪多糖对黄羽肉种母鸡繁殖性能和抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Reproductive Performance and Antioxidant Capacity of Yellow-feathered Breeder Hens

【目的】研究饲粮中添加黄芪多糖对产蛋期黄羽肉种母鸡繁殖性能和抗氧化能力的影响。【方法】选用21周龄健康岭南黄羽肉种母鸡192只,随机分为4个处理组,第1组为基础饲粮对照组,第2~4组分别在基础饲粮中添加100、200、300 mg/kg黄芪多糖,每个处理组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡,试验期共10周。试验期间,按重复记录每天采食量、产蛋数、产蛋重;每组选取50枚种蛋孵化,测定孵化性能;每组随机选取24枚种蛋进行蛋品质测定;每个重复选取2只试验鸡进行采血和样品采集,测定繁殖器官指数和血浆抗氧化指标。【结果】饲粮中添加黄芪多糖对黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋率、平均蛋重、日产蛋重、料蛋比和不合格蛋率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。添加黄芪多糖可以显著提高蛋黄颜色,其中200 mg/kg黄芪多糖组的蛋黄颜色显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但对其他蛋品质指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。添加黄芪多糖显著降低腹脂率和提高卵巢指数,其中200 mg/kg黄芪多糖组的腹脂率显著低于对照组和300 mg/kg黄芪多糖组(P<0.05),100 mg/kg黄芪多糖组的卵巢指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。添加黄芪多糖显著提高受精率,其中100 mg/kg黄芪多糖和200 mg/kg黄芪多糖组受精率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。添加黄芪多糖显著降低血浆中丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量和提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathioneperoxidase,GSH-Px)活性,其中300 mg/kg黄芪多糖组MDA含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);200、300 mg/kg黄芪多糖组的GSH-Px活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】饲粮中添加黄芪多糖可以提高黄羽肉种母鸡机体抗氧化水平,提高种蛋孵化性能、改善种蛋品质,建议黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋期黄芪多糖适宜添加剂量为200 mg/kg。

【Objective】To explore the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide(APS)on reproductive performance and antioxidant capacity of Yellow-feathered breeding hens during laying period.【Method】A total of one hundred and ninety-two 21-week-old healthy Lingnan Yellow-feathered breeder hens were randomly divided into four treatment groups.Group one was the basal diet control group,and groups two to four were fed the basal diet supplemented with 100,200 and 300 mg/kg APS,respectively.Each treatment group contained six replicates with eight chickens per replicate.During the experiment,the daily feed intake,egg number and egg weight were repeatedly recorded,and fifty eggs in each experimental group were selected for incubation to determine the hatching performance.Twenty-four breeding eggs were randomly selected from each experimental group for egg quality determination,and two chickens were selected from each replicate for blood collection and sample collection,and index of reproductive organ and plasma antioxidant were determined.【Result】Dietary APS had no significant effects on laying rate,average egg weight,daily egg weight,feed to egg ratio and unqualified egg rate of Yellow-feathered breeder hens(P>0.05).Dietary APS supplementation could significantly affect yolk color,but had no significant effects on other egg quality indexes(P>0.05),and yolk color in 200 mg/kg APS group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).Dietary APS supplementation significantly decreased the percentage of abdominal fat and increased the ovarian index,and the percentage of abdominal fat in 200 mg/kg APS group was significantly lower than that in control group and 300 mg/kg APS group(P<0.05),and the ovarian index in 100 mg/kg APS group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The fertilization rate of 100 mg/kg APS group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).Dietary APS could significantly decrease the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and increase the activity of glutathioneperoxidase(GSH-Px)in plasma,the content of MDA in 300 mg/kg APS group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The activity of GSH-Px in 200 and 300 mg/kg APS group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Dietary supplementation of APS could improve the hatching performance and egg quality of breeding eggs,and enhance the body’s antioxidant level of Yellow-feathered breeder hens.The suitable supplemental level of APS was 200 mg/kg for Yellow-feathered breeder hens during laying period.