玉米赤霉烯酮在动物体内的代谢与分子毒性研究进展

Research Progress on Metabolism and Toxicity of Zearalenone in Animals

玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEA)是由镰刀属真菌产生的真菌毒素,广泛存在于霉变玉米、小麦、大麦等谷物中。ZEA在动物体内经代谢转化后随血液循环分布至全身,通过雌激素效应、氧化损伤和细胞凋亡等途径引发肝脏、肾脏、子宫、睾丸等器官病变。近年来受气候、贮存设施等多种因素的影响,中国粮食作物中ZEA污染问题尤为突出,不仅给畜牧养殖和饲料产业带来严重困扰,而且也威胁人类健康。深入了解ZEA在动物体内的代谢过程及其发挥毒性的分子机制,对于制定防控新策略、降低毒素污染带来的负面影响尤为重要。作者着重从ZEA的吸收分布、代谢转化和分子毒理等方面对近年来的相关研究做了系统整理与归纳。

Zearalenone(ZEA)is a mycotoxin produced by the fungi of Fusarium genera,which widely contaminates corn,wheat,barley,and other grains.After metabolism and conversion,ZEA can be distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream,causing damage in liver,kidney,uterus,testis and other organs through estrogenic effects,oxidative damage,cell apoptosis,etc.In recent years,the contamination of ZEA in crops not only poses serious challenges to livestock farming and feed industries but also threatens human health.A deep comprehension of the metabolism and toxic mechanism in animals is particularly essential for developing new prevention strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of ZEA.The author focuses on the absorption,distribution,metabolism and molecular toxicology of ZEA to clarify its toxic mechanism in animals.