2018—2022年沈阳地区院前急救患者疾病谱分析

Diseases pectrum analysis of pre-hospital emergency patients in Shenyang area from 2018 to 2022

目的分析2018—2022年沈阳地区院前急救患者的疾病谱分布情况。方法选取2018年1月至2022年12月沈阳地区院前急救患者13198例病历资料进行回顾性分析,统计病种、性别、年龄段、季节分布、接诊时间段等数据规律,采用描述性统计分析方法分析疾病谱差异。结果13198例院前急救患者中,男女比例为1.326:1。病种排名前6位的是创伤(45.3%)、神经系统疾病(18.1%)、循环系统疾病(11.1%)、理化因素(4.9%)、消化系统疾病(4.6%)及呼吸系统疾病(4.4%);在院前急救患者病种分布中,男性的创伤、神经系统、循环系统、理化因素、消化系统、呼吸系统、内分泌及泌尿生殖系统疾病构成比高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2018—2022年每年院前急救疾病谱前三位分别是创伤、神经系统疾病和循环系统疾病。60~<70岁为院前急救患者的高发年龄段(20.4%),秋季(9—11月)发病患者最多(25.8%),出诊时段最高的是每日8:00~10:00(13.9%)。结论院前急救疾病以创伤类、心脑血管疾病为主,建议根据不同病种进行有针对性的培训,结合出诊高峰时段及季节分布进行合理地资源分配。将疾病监测系统等信息化手段与院前医疗急救有效融合,提升院前急救成功率,挽救更多急危重症患者的生命。

Objective To analyze the disease spectrum distribution of pre-hospital emergency patients in Shenyang area from 2018 to 2022.Methods From January 2018 to December 2022,13198 medical records of pre-hospital emergency patients in Shenyang area were selected for retrospective analysis,and the data rules of disease type,gender,age group,seasonal distribution,and consultation time period were counted,statistical analysis methods were used to analyze differences in disease spectrum.Results Among the 13198 pre-hospital emergency patients,the ratio of male to female was 1.326:1.The top 6 diseases are trauma(45.3%),nervous system disease(18.1%),circulatory system disease(11.1%),physical and chemical factors(4.9%),digestive system disease(4.6%)and respiratory system disease(4.4%).In the distribution of diseases in pre-hospital emergency patients,the constituent ratios of trauma,nervous system,circulatory system,physical and chemical factors,digestive system,respiratory system,endocrine and genitourinary system diseases in men were higher than those in women,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).From 2018 to 2022,the top three pre-hospital emergency diseases are trauma,nervous system diseases and circulatory system diseases.60-<70 years old is the high-incidence age group(20.4%)for pre-hospital emergency patients,the most patients are in autumn(September—November)(25.8%),and the highest outpatient period is 8—10 o'clock every day(13.9%).Conclusion Pre-hospital emergency diseases are mainly trauma and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.It is recommended to carry out targeted training according to different diseases,and to allocate resources reasonably according to the peak time of outpatient visits and seasonal distribution.Integrate the diseasemonitoring system and other informatization means with the pre-hospital medical first aid to improve the success rate of pre-hospital first aid and save the lives of more critically ill patients.