在岗工人心理资本在其职业紧张与抑郁症状间的中介效应

Mediating effect of psychological capital in on-the-job workers between occupational stress and depression

目的探讨在岗工人职业紧张与抑郁症状的关系以及心理资本在职业紧张和抑郁症状间的中介效应。方法选取2023年2月至3月在重庆朕尔职业病医院进行职业性健康体检的在岗工人为调查对象,共回收有效问卷732份,有效率达94.2%。采用职业紧张测量核心量表(COSS)、患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)(中文版)、心理资本问卷(PCQ-24)(中文版)进行调查,比较不同特征下在岗工人职业紧张、心理资本及抑郁的水平,采用逐步分层回归分析和Bootstrap法探究心理资本在职业紧张和抑郁症状间的中介作用。结果在岗工人职业紧张检出率为37.4%(274/732),抑郁症状检出率为15.8%(116/732),职业紧张水平与抑郁症状呈正相关(P<0.05)。心理资本在社会支持、组织与回报、要求与付出三个维度与抑郁症状间起中介作用,中介效应百分比分别为56.29%、10.63%、5.80%。结论在岗工人的职业紧张水平可直接影响其抑郁症状,心理资本可作为中介效应降低职业紧张水平对抑郁症状的影响。

Objective To explore the relationship between occupational stress and depressive symptoms in on-the-job workers,as well as the mediating effect of psychological capital between occupational stress and depressive symptoms.Methods A total of 732 valid questionnaires were collected from on-the-job workers who underwent occupational health examinations at Zhen'er Occupational Disease Hospital in Chongqing from February to March 2023,with an effective rate of 94.2%.The survey was conducted using the core occupational stress scale(COSS),patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9)(Chinese version),and psychological capital questionnaire(PCQ-24)(Chinese version)to compare the levels of occupational stress,psychological capital,and depression in on-the-job workers under different characteristics.Stepwise stratified regression analysis and Bootstrap method were used to explore the mediating role of psychological capital between occupational stress and depression.Results The detection rate of occupational stress in on-the-job workers was 37.4%(274/732),and the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 15.8%(116/732).The level of occupational stress was positively correlated with depressive symptoms(P<0.05).Psychological capital played a mediating role in the three dimensions of social support,organization and return,and demand and effort,with a mediating effect percentage of 56.29%,10.63%,and 5.80%,respectively.Conclusion The occupational stress level of on-the-job workers can directly affect their depressive symptoms,and psychological capital can serve as a mediating effect to reduce the impact of occupational stress levels on depressive symptoms.