中国梨火疫病发生与防控进展

Progress in the occurrence and control of pear fire blight in China

梨火疫病是一种危害苹果、梨等蔷薇科果树的检疫性细菌病害,病原菌为解淀粉欧文氏菌。2015年以来,梨火疫病陆续在中国新疆、甘肃等地发生和蔓延,是重点关注的外来入侵病害之一,对苹果、梨等果树产业造成了严重损失。介绍了梨火疫病在中国的发生危害和综合防控技术的研究情况,提出了未来的研究方向,包括检疫监管、重度修剪、安全授粉、药剂防治等。

Fire blight is a quarantine bacterial disease that affects Rosaceae fruit trees such as apples and pears.The pathogen of fire blight is Erwinia amylovora.Since 2015,fire blight has been occurring and spreading successively in Xinjiang and Gansu Provinces of China,causing serious losses to the fruit tree industry such as apple and Korla fragrant pear,and is one of the foreign invasion diseases that China focuses on.In order to effectively suppress the occurrence of fire blight,China has taken a series of comprehensive prevention and control measures,including quarantine supervision,deep pruning,safety pollination,and chemical control,achieving good control effects.In recent years,there has been increasing research on the prevention and control techniques of fire blight in China.This article briefly introduces the occurrence and harm of fire blight in China,as well as the research progress of comprehensive prevention and control techniques.Some future research directions are also proposed,which is expected to provide reference for the interception and control of fire blight in China.