漳州市医院肛肠疾病患者术后感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution of Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Resistance of Postoperative Infections in Patients With Anal and Intestinal Diseases in Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital

目的研究漳州市医院117例肛肠疾病患者术后感染病原菌分布及耐药性情况。方法选取2019年3月—2023年3月在漳州市医院行手术治疗且发生术后感染的117例肛肠疾病患者为研究对象进行回顾性分析。统计分析患者术后感染的病原菌分布情况及其耐药性。结果患者共培养出病原菌191株,其中革兰阴性菌77株(40.31%),革兰阳性菌51株(26.70%),真菌27株(14.14%)。大肠埃希菌对头孢唑林的耐药率最高(88.57%),其次是氨苄西林(82.86%)、环丙沙星(57.14%)、头孢呋辛酯(54.29%)、复方新诺明(51.43%)等。肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林的耐药率最高(100%),其次是头孢唑林(95.00%)、头孢曲松(30.00%)等。链球菌属对四环素的耐药率最高(83.33%),其次是红霉素(72.22%)、克林霉素(66.67%)等。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G的耐药率为90.00%,其次是红霉素(50.00%)、苯唑西林和四环素(均为30.00%)、克林霉素(20.00%)等。结论漳州市医院内肛肠疾病手术患者的术后感染病原菌涉及革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌等,其中革兰阴性菌以大肠埃希菌为主,革兰阳性菌以链球菌属为主。医护人员应结合上述病原菌分布特点和药敏结果行敏感率高、耐药率低的抗生素药物治疗。

Objective To study the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of postoperative infections in 117 patients with anal and intestinal diseases in Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital.Methods A total of 117 patients with anorectal diseases undergoing surgical treatment and postoperative infection in Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital from March 2019 to March 2023 were selected for retrospective analysis.The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 191 pathogenic bacteria were cultured from the patients,including 77(40.31%)Gram-negative,51(26.70%)Gram-positive,and 27(14.14%)Fungi.Escherichia coli showed the highest rate of resistance to cefazolin(88.57%)followed by ampicillin(82.86%),ciprofloxacin(57.14%),cefuroxime(54.29%),cotrimoxazole(51.43%)etc.Klebsiella pneumoniae showed the highest rate of resistance to ampicillin(100%)followed by cefazolin(95.00%),ceftriaxone(30.00%)etc.Streptococcus spp had the highest resistance to tetracycline(83.33%)followed by erythromycin(72.22%),clindamycin(66.67%)etc.Staphylococcus aureus showed 90.00%resistance to penicillin G followed by erythromycin(50.00%),benzathine and tetracycline(both 30.00%),clindamycin(20.00%)etc.Conclusion The postoperative infection pathogens of patients undergoing surgery for anorectal diseases in Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital involve Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria,among which Gram-negative bacteria are dominated by Escherichia coli and Gram-positive bacteria are dominated by Streptococcus spp.Healthcare professionals should combine the distribution characteristics of the above pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity results to perform antibiotic drug therapy with high sensitivity rate and low drug resistance rate.