“好好儿+VP”劝勉式构式分析

A Structural Analysis of“Haohaor+VP”in Chinese

“好好儿+VP”是现代汉语口语中一种常见的表达格式,该格式在语用中衍生出规劝义和强调义,并在不同的语境中表现出多种感情色彩,在部分语境中传达了反预期信息。总体来看,“好好儿+VP”构式具有三重意义:(1)对VP动作行为的强调;(2)对听话人的劝诫、勉励;(3)要求听话人认真、努力地完成VP所表示动作行为。能够充当“好好儿+VP”构式变项成分的动词必须具备[+可控][+述人][+延续][+正向积极]的语义特征,才可与构式语义和谐。“好好儿+VP”具有很强的主观性,主观性也是“好好儿+VP”构式固化的根本原因,语法化、词汇化是该构式固化的重要机理。

“Haohaor+VP”is a common expression in Chinese which means exhortation and emphasis in pragmatics,conveys different emotions in different contexts,and expresses anti-expectation in some contexts.In general,the format of“Haohaor+VP”has three meanings:(1)to emphasize actions and behaviors of VP;(2)to admonish and encourage the listener;(3)to urge the listener to conscientiously and diligently complete the actions and behaviors indicated by VP.The VP in the format must have the semantic characteristics of[+controllable],[+narrative],[+continuous]and[+positive]in order to agree with the semantic meaning of the format.The format is highly subjective.Subjectivity is the root cause of its solidification,and grammaticalization and lexicalization are important mechanisms of its solidification.