众生无差别:约翰·伯恩赛德动物诗歌中的佛教思想

Equality of All Sentient Beings:Buddhist Ideas in John Burnside's Animal Poems

本文以当代苏格兰诗人约翰·伯恩赛德的诗集为研究对象,从众生平等、不杀生、人与动物共同体等三个层面分析和探讨其动物诗歌中的佛教思想和动物伦理。伯恩赛德批判人类中心主义给自然生态带来的负面影响,表达了众生平等和不杀生的观念,包括批判以娱乐为目的的杀生、见死不救等行径,肯定救助处于危难之中的动物的行为。这些均反映了诗人愿意与动物共享生存空间的共同体观。作为生态诗人,伯恩赛德为建立和谐共生的人与自然关系做出了积极的努力,并在一定程度上推动了生态诗学和动物伦理学的发展。

This paper takes the contemporary Scottish poet John Burnside's animal poems as the subject of research,and analyzes the Buddhist ideas and animal ethics in these works from three aspects:equality of all sentient beings,ahimsa,and human-animal shared community.Burnside criticizes anthropocentrism and its negative impact on the ecology,by advocating the idea of the equality among all sentient beings;he promotes the concept of ahimsa,by criticizing the killing of animals for the purpose of sport as well as the refusal to save endangered animals;and he proposes a shared community for men and animals and expresses a willingness to share the living space with them.As an ecological poet,Burnside has made positive efforts to establish a harmonious human-animal relationship,and contribute to the development of eco-poetics and animal ethics.