新生儿重症监护病房患儿父亲心理健康状况及干预策略的范围综述

Mental health status and intervention strategies of fathers in neonatal intensive care unit:a scoping review

目的了解新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)患儿父亲的心理健康状况以及针对患儿父亲心理健康问题的干预策略。方法以范围综述方法为框架, 检索PubMed、CINAHL、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、PsycINFO、中国知网、万方数据库、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库中与NICU患儿父亲心理健康状况相关的研究。检索时限为建库至2022年8月30日。对纳入的文献进行汇总和分析。文献提取内容包括作者、国家、发表时间、研究类型、样本量、研究变量、研究内容和研究结果。结果共纳入25篇文献。其中, 11篇文献报道了NICU患儿父亲的心理健康状况。父亲在患儿入住NICU后产生了消极和积极的心理变化, 包括焦虑、抑郁、创伤后应激障碍、压力、悲伤以及创伤后成长。14篇文献涉及了患儿父亲心理健康问题的干预策略, 内容包括增强社会支持(情感支持、同伴支持)、进行压力管理培训(书写表露、放松训练、正念疗法)、信息支持、家庭参与式护理(陪同探视、袋鼠护理)。结论新生儿入住NICU给患儿父亲带来了诸多心理问题, 但目前针对患儿父亲心理健康问题的干预策略仍然比较缺乏, 仍需医务人员针对患儿父亲的需求, 采取相应的干预措施。

Objective To understand the mental health status of fathers in neonatal intensive care unit and the intervention strategies for fathers'mental health problems.Methods Using the scoping review method as a framework,the studies on the mental health status of fathers with NICU in PubMed,CINAHL,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,PsycINFO,CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP and CBM were searched.The included studies were summarized and analyzed.The search time was from the database establishment to 30 August 2022.The content of literature extraction included author,country,publication time,research type,sample size,research variables,research content,and research results.Results A total of twenty-five articles were included.Among them,11 literatures reported the mental health status of fathers of children in neonatal intensive care unit.Fathers experienced both negative and positive psychological changes after admission to the neonatal intensive care unit,including anxiety,depression,post-traumatic stress disorder,stress,sadness,and post-traumatic growth.Fourteen articles involved intervention strategies for mental health problems of fathers.Intervention strategies include enhancing social support(emotional support,peer support),stress management training(written disclosure,relaxation training,mindfulness therapy),information support,family integrated care(accompanied visits,kangaroo care).Conclusions The admission of a newborn to the intensive care unit has caused many psychological problems for the father.However,there is still a lack of intervention strategies for fathers'mental health problems,and it is still necessary for medical staff to take corresponding intervention measures according to fathers'needs.