腐熟牛粪、菌糠在黄瓜育苗上的应用效果研究

Study on the Application Effect of Decomposed Cow Manure and Spent Mushroom Substrate on Cucumber Seedling Cultivation

以黄瓜为试材,将腐熟牛粪、菌糠作为主要基质原材料,采用添加不同体积的草炭和蛭石进行基质复配的方法开展黄瓜育苗试验,研究了不同配比基质的理化性质及其对黄瓜育苗效果的影响,以期筛选适宜黄瓜育苗的基质配方,为腐熟牛粪、菌糠等废弃物的基质化利用提供参考依据。结果表明:与对照相比,草蛭∶腐熟牛粪∶菌糠=70∶10∶20配比基质理化性状适宜,出苗率达98.67%,整齐度最高,可显著提高黄瓜幼苗茎粗、叶面积,地上干质量和地下干质量均为最大,分别达0.19 g和0.02 g,幼苗综合评价指数最高,达0.9146,综合表现最优。可推荐草蛭∶腐熟牛粪∶菌糠=70∶10∶20配比基质作为黄瓜育苗基质使用。

Cucumber was selected as the test material,the decomposed cow manure and spent mushroom substrate were used as the main substrate raw materials.A cucumber seedling experiment was conducted by adding different volumes of peat and vermiculite as the substrate composite.The physical and chemical properties of different ratios of substrates and their effects on cucumber seedling cultivation were studied,in order to screen suitable substrate formulas for cucumber seedling cultivation and provide reference for the substrate utilization of decomposed cow manure,spent mushroom substrate and other waste materials.The results showed that compared with the control,the substrate with a ratio of peat vermiculite∶decomposed cow manure∶spent mushroom substrate=70∶10∶20 had the appropriate physical and chemical properties,with a seedling emergence rate of 98.67%and the highest uniformity.It could significantly improve the stem thickness and leaf area of cucumber seedlings,with the highest aboveground and underground dry weights of 0.19 g and 0.02 g,respectively.The seedling comprehensive evaluation index was the highest,reaching 0.9146,indicating the best comprehensive performance.It was recommended to use a mixture of peat vermiculite∶decomposed cow manure∶spent mushroom substrate=70∶10∶20 as the substrate for cucumber seedling cultivation.