基于IPA决策模型的促进身体活动措施优先级研究

Research on the priority of measures to promote physical activity based on IPA decision model

目的探究促进人群身体活动措施的优先级排序,为制定促进身体活动相关策略和计划提供理论依据。方法由488个国家慢性病综合防控示范区的疾病预防控制中心专业人员对13个维度下的47项促进人群身体活动措施的可行性和重要性进行打分;采用重要性-绩效分析(importance-performance analysis,IPA)模型对促进身体活动维度指标进行象限划分;采用二阶验证性因子分析的标准化因子载荷系数确定同一象限内维度指标优先级和各维度内措施的优先级。结果最高优先级内各维度指标优先级顺序为:人员培训、工作场所干预、学校干预、宣传与社区活动、体育部门干预、提高设施/场所可及性。优先改进级内维度指标为改善环境。最低优先级内各维度指标优先级顺序为:其他场所和人群干预、领导力和合作伙伴关系、医疗保健机构干预、加强建筑设计、筹资与财政支持、监测与评估。结论结合验证性因子分析,IPA模型能够较好地实现身体活动促进决策模型构建。

Objective To explore the priority of physical activity promotion measures in China and provide a theoretical basis for developing strategies and plans on physical activity promotion.Methods Key personnel from district-level Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCs)in 488 national demonstration areas for comprehensive control and prevention of chronic diseases were asked to rate the feasibly and importance of 47 physical activity promotion measures under 13 dimensional indicators.The Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA)model was used to divide the dimensional indicators of physical activity promotion into quadrants,and the standardized factor loading coefficients of the second-order Confirmatory Factor Analysis were used to determine the priority of the dimensional indicators in the same quadrant,and the priority of the measures in each dimension.Results In the highest priority quadrant,the priority order of the dimensional indicators was capacity building,workplace intervention,school intervention,communications and community events,sports sector intervention,and improved facilities/spaces accessibility.In the quadrant for prioritized improvement,the only indicator was environment improvement.In the quadrant for the least prioritized improvement,the priority order was interventions in other settings and population,leadership and partnership,healthcare intervention,enhanced building design,financing and fiscal support,and monitoring and evaluation.Conclusions Combining confirmatory factor analysis,IPA model can work well in constructing the decision model for physical activity promoting.