群医学及全球健康研究进展及启示

Research progress and implications of population medicine and global health

全球健康是致力于改善全人类的健康水平,实现全球人人公平享有健康的一个跨学科、兼具研究和实践的新兴领域,主要为解决全球卫生资源分配不公平的问题,优先关注疾病负担指标。但是,以全球健康政治现实为导向的全球健康方案并不能完全解决包括健康不公平、资源浪费、医防割裂等客观问题,因此可以考虑以医学解决方案为导向的群医学理念来弥补全球健康领域的不足。但是,目前国内尚未形成群医学和全球健康两种理念有机结合的体系,本文对群医学及全球健康的研究进展及在初级卫生保健、慢性病、传染病、精神卫生领域中的应用情况进行了综述,供中国相关领域学者用以参考和借鉴,形成群医学及全球健康交叉领域的研究体系。政府应加大对群医学及全球健康研究的扶持和投入,形成群医学及全球健康研究合作网络,同时加强医学院与政治、外交、社会科学、经济、法律等社会科学院校和机构的交流与合作,从而深化中国群医学及全球健康领域的研究。

Global health is an emerging interdisciplinary field that combines research and practice dedicated to improving human health and achieving equitable health for all,maximizing health gains of various actors.It focuses on solving the problem of inequitable distribution of global health resources and gives priority to indicators of disease burden.However,global-health-polcies-oriented proposals cannot fully address existing problems including health inequalities,waste of resources,separation of medical treatment and prevention,etc.Therefore,we can draw on the solution-oriented concept of population medicine(to make up for the deficiencies)in the field of global health.At present,however,there is no organic integrative study on population medicine and global health in China.This review summarizes and discusses the research progress in population medicine and global health,and its application in the field of primary health care,noncommunicable diseases,infectious diseases,and mental health.Researchers can refer to results of this review to develop research systems for interdisciplinary areas in population medicine and global health.The government should increase its support and investment in population medicine and global health research,establish collaborative research networks between population medicine and global health,and strengthen the exchanges and cooperation between medical schools and institutions,such as schools and institutes of politics,diplomacy,social science,economy and law,so as to deepen the research of population medicine and global health in China.