过渡金属催化硅杂环丁烷的C—Si键断裂反应研究进展

Recent Advances in Transition Metal-Catalyzed C—Si Bond Cleavage of Silacyclobutanes

鉴于各类有机硅化合物在材料科学、电子器件及医药研究中的广泛应用,发展绿色高效的方法合成结构复杂的有机硅化合物具有重要意义.硅杂环丁烷作为小环化合物,固有的环张力和路易斯酸性使其具有特殊的反应活性,在过渡金属催化下可发生C—Si键断裂生成Si—M活性物种,进而实现复杂有机硅化合物的高效构筑,因此备受关注.基于此,总结了近年来Rh、Pd及Ni催化硅杂环丁烷的C—Si键断裂反应,并对反应的机理及发展趋势进行了简单讨论.

Due to the widespread application of various organosilicon compounds in material science,electronic devices and pharmaceutical research,it is of great significance to develop green and efficient synthetic methods for diverse silicon-containing molecules.Silacyclobutane is an important kind of small-membered rings,which exhibits unique reactivities under transition metal catalysis to cleave the C—Si bond driven by the inherent ring strain and Lewis acidity.The resulting Si—M species can then be transformed into various organosilicon compounds.Herein,the recent advances of Pd,Rh,and Ni-catalyzed C—Si bond cleavage reactions of silacyclobutanes are summarized in detail,and the mechanism and development tendency of such reactions are briefly discussed.