粮食主产区农业经济高质量发展评价与时空变化特征研究

Research on the evaluation of high-quality development of agricultural economy and the characteristics of the spatiotemporal changes in main grain-producing areas

粮食主产区作为我国农产品主要供应基地,确保主产区农业经济高质量发展对全力抓好粮食生产,建设宜居宜业和美乡村具有重要意义。本文基于2010—2020年13个粮食主产区面板数据,选用熵值法、Dagum基尼系数及分解法、ArcGIS可视化功能和探索性空间数据分析法测算粮食主产区农业经济高质量发展水平并探究其区域差异和空间分布格局。结果表明:粮食主产区农业经济高质量发展水平在时间上呈上升态势,在空间上表现为由中低水平地区向中高水平地区缓慢过渡、东北地区向中南部地区逐渐推进的演变趋势,其空间集聚特征逐渐弱化。三大地区内区域差异不断减小,但区域间的差距仍是农业经济发展不平衡的主要原因。提出应重点优化农业生态效率,统筹兼顾各地区农业农村发展,充分利用经济高水平地区的辐射作用推动粮食主产区农业经济可持续发展的对策建议。

Main grain producing areas are the main supply base of agricultural products in China.Ensuring the highquality development of the agricultural economy in the main producing areas is of great significance for doing a good job in food production and building a livable,business-friendly and beautiful village.Based on a panel data of 13major grain producing areas from 2010 to 2020,this paper calculated the high-quality development level of agricultural economy in major grain producing areas and explores its regional differences and spatial distribution patterns by the entropy method,Dagum Gini coefficient and decomposition method,ArcGIS data visualization function,and exploratory spatial data analysis method.Results show that the high-quality development level of the agricultural economy in major grain-producing areas is on the rise in time;and in space,it shows a slow transition from the middlelow level area to the middle-high level area,and the gradual advancement from the northeast region to the south-central region.The characteristics of spatial agglomeration are gradually weakening.The regional differences within the three major regions are continuously decreasing,but the inter-regional differences are still the main reason for the unbalanced development of agricultural economy.Therefore,to promote the sustainable development of agricultural economy in major grain-producing areas,this paper suggests:focusing on optimizing the efficiency of agricultural ecology,makeing overall plans for the development of agriculture and rural areas in various regions,and making full use of the radiation effect of high-level economic areas.