新生儿重症监护病房输液连接器细菌定植情况分析及对策探讨

Bacterial colonization of infusion connectors in neonatal intensive care unit and countermeasures

目的了解新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)输液连接器细菌定植情况和消毒去污效果,为新生儿静脉输液安全管理提供临床参考。方法选取NICU留置的59个输液连接器作为对照组;同期消毒后的52个输液连接器作为观察A组,并观察护士消毒连接器的时间和消毒方法;针对输液连接器消毒方法进行培训,再选取50个消毒后的输液连接器作为观察B组;对所有输液连接器进行采样并送培养。结果对照组共53个接头检出细菌,检出率89.8%,其中,39个接头各检出1株细菌,13个接头各检出2株细菌,1个接头检出3株细菌;观察A组共13个接头检出细菌,检出率25.0%;观察B组共4个接头检出细菌,检出率为8.0%;培训前后细菌培养检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=84.418,P<0.001)。结论NICU输液连接装置易污染,有效消毒可显著减少细菌定植,医务人员应认识输液相关感染风险,规范输液操作,加大对输液装置的管理,并进一步探索更有效的消毒方法。

Objective To investigate the bacterial colonization and disinfection effect of infusion connectors in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU),and provide clinical reference for improving the safety management of intravenous infusion in neonates.Methods 59 infusion connectors in NICU were selected as the control group.52 disinfected infusion connectors during the same period were selected as the observation group A,meanwhile,disinfection time and method used by nurses were observed.After training on disinfection method,50 disinfected infusion connectors were selected as the observation group B.All infusion connectors were sampled for culture.Results In the control group,bacteria were detected from 53 connectors,with a detection rate of 89.8%.Among them,39 connectors were isolated 1 bacterial specie respectively,13 were isolated 2 bacterial species respectively and 1 was isolated 3 bacterial species.Bacteria were detected from 13 connectors in observation group A,and the detection rate was 25.0%.In observation group B,bacteria were detected from 4 connectors,with a detection rate of 8.0%.Diffe-rence in the positive rates of bacterial culture before and after training was statistically significant(χ^(2)=84.418,P<0.001).Conclusion Infusion connectors in NICU are prone to be contaminated.Effective disinfection can significantly reduce bacterial colonization.Health care workers should be aware of the risks of infusion-associated infection,standardize infusion operation,strengthen the management of infusion devices,and explore more effective disinfection methods.