空间控制技术发展与展望

Advances and Perspectives of Space Control Technology

控制是航天器在空间环境下自主完成复杂任务的关键技术。首先梳理了中国空间控制技术过去50多年来的发展成果,总结划分为航天器姿态控制、姿态轨道控制、“感知-决策-执行”(Perception-decision-action,PDA)自主控制三个方面,并在综述了各方面主要进展的基础上,围绕超大结构航天器姿态轨道控制、轨道空间博弈控制、网络化航天器集群控制、地外探测智能无人系统控制、跨域航天器自主控制、在轨建造与维护(On-orbit servicing,assembly,and manufacturing,OSAM)控制6个技术方向,提出面临的挑战和需要重点关注的基础性问题,为空间控制技术未来的发展提供借鉴和参考。

Control has a key rolein enabling spacecraft to perform complex tasks in space environment autonomously.After a brief review of the development of space control technology in China over the past 50 years,we focus on the main progress of the three aspects from the spacecraft attitude control to the attitude-orbit control,and then to the"perception-decision-action"(PDA)autonomous control.Based on which,and an analysis of the challenges brought by more complex space missions in the future,some fundamental control issues worthy of follow-up focus are involved,especially in the fields of extra-large spacecraft,orbital games,networked spacecraft swarms,extraterrestrial operations,cross-domain spacecraft and on-orbit servicing,assembly,and manufacturing(OSAM).