我国省际葡萄产业竞争力评价

Evaluation of the Competitiveness of China′s Interprovincial Grape Industry

以中国20个产葡萄地区为研究对象,运用显示性指标对近5年中国葡萄产业集中度指数、各地区资源禀赋系数和市场占有率进行横向分析,通过选取多个评价指标,运用因子分析法,科学研判影响省际葡萄产业竞争力的主要因素,以期为中国葡萄产业布局优化,产业竞争力有效提升提出对策建议。结果表明:1)中国葡萄集中度指数近5年保持在0.67左右,主要集中在新疆、河北、山东、云南、河南、陕西、辽宁和江苏地区。2)新疆资源禀赋系数达到5以上,具有显著的比较优势;1<EF_(ij)<2的地区包括辽宁、天津、河北、云南、山西、陕西、山东及安徽,具有一定比较优势;北京、甘肃、江苏、河南、福建等地区葡萄资源禀赋缺乏比较优势。3)新疆葡萄市场占有率达到20%以上,其抵御其他地区竞争力的能力更强,河北第二,山东第三。4)农业生产要素、市场需求和产业规模是影响葡萄产业竞争力的主要因素。葡萄产业竞争力排名前五的地区分别为山东、新疆、江苏、河南和北京。中国葡萄产业竞争力呈现由东向西、由北向南逐渐减弱的形势。

Taking 20 grape-producing regions in China as the research object,and conducts crosssectional analysis on the concentration index of China's grape industry,resource endowment coefficient and market share of each region in the past five years using display indicators.By selecting several evaluation indicators and using factor analysis,the main factors affecting the competitiveness of the inter-provincial grape industry were scientifically studied and judged.Counter measures and suggestions were proposed for the optimization of the layout of China's grape industry and the effective enhancement of the industry competitiveness.The results showed that,1)China's grape concentration index had remained around o.67 in the past five years,mainly concentrated in Xinjiang,Hebei,Shandong,Yunnan,Henan,Shaanxi,Liaoning and Jiangsu regions.2)Xinjiang had a significant comparative advantage with a resource endowment coefficient of 5 or more;regions with 1<EF,<2 included Liaoning,Tianjin,Hebei,Yunnan,Shanxi,Shaanxi,Shandong and Anhui,which had certain comparative advantages;Beijing,Gansu,Jiangsu,Henan and Fujian lack comparative advantages in grape resource endowment.3)The market share of Xinjiang grapes reached more than 20%and its ability to resist the competitiveness of other regions was stronger,Hebei was second and Shandong was third.4)Agricultural production factors,market demand and industry scale were the main factors affecting the competitiveness of the grape industry.The top five regions in terms of grape industry competitiveness were Shandong,Xinjiang,Jiangsu,Henan and Beijing.The competitiveness of China's grape industry showed a situation of gradual weakening from east to west and from north to south.