药用菊花生药学鉴别研究与数字化表征

Study on pharmacognostic identification and digitization for the medicinal Chrysanthemi Flos

目的:对2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》一部收载的5个不同规格药用菊花进行生药学鉴别研究,建立性状和显微鉴定及其数字化表征规范,为菊花与其同属易混品及伪品的鉴别研究奠定基础。方法:借鉴植物学形态和分类的术语及研究方法,应用体视显微、光学显微镜、数码成像技术手段,从外观性状(大样、顶面观、底面观)、剖面,以及粉末显微特征,对5种药用菊花进行比较鉴别和数字化表征,同时建立5种菊花及其混淆品性状检索表。结果:明确了5种菊花及其混淆品的性状鉴别,主要从花序、总苞、小苞片等方面进行区分。粉末显微增加了苞片表皮细胞及气孔、花柱碎片、花粉囊内壁细胞显微特征。结论:通过实验研究,总结归纳了药用菊花5个不同商品规格专属且实用的生药学鉴别特征,为菊花类药材与混淆品的鉴定研究提供参考依据,并为市场监管检验和标准修订提供科学依据。

Objective:To explore the pharmacognostical identification study of five different specifications of medicinal Chrysanthemi Flos recorded in the first volume of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 Edition),and to establish the standards of the macroscopic,microscopic identification and digital characterization for the authentication study of Chrysanthemi Flos and its adulterants.Methods:The comparative identification and digital characterization of five medicinal Chrysanthemi Flos were carried out by means of stereo microscope,optical microscope and digital imaging technology from the aspects of front,top,bottom,section and the microscopic characteristics of powder.It was based on the terms and research methods of botanical morphological identification and classification.Meanwhile,the macroscopic features search table of Chrysanthemi Flos and its adulterants was established.Results:Five different specifications of Chrysanthemi flos and its adulterants were clarified by the macroscopic identification characters of inflorescence,the involucre and the bracteoles,et al.Epidermal cells of bract with stoma,fragments of stigma showing papillae and endothecium cell were added in microscopic identification characters.Conclusion:This study summarizes the exclusive and practical features in pharmacognosic identification of five different specifications of Chrysanthemi Flos.It will provide reference for the identification of Chrysanthemi Flos,its adulterants,market supervision,inspection and standard revision.