斑蝥黄对热应激怀乡鸡抗氧化能力与肠道黏膜结构的影响

Effect of canthaxanthin on antioxidant capacity and small intestinal mucosal structure of Huaixiang chickens under heat stress

旨在探究饲粮中添加斑蝥黄对高温环境中成年怀乡鸡抗氧化性能和小肠黏膜结构的影响。选取216只健康状况良好的26周龄雌性怀乡鸡,随机分为6个处理组,每个小组设置6个重复,每个重复6只鸡;设置常温对照组:温度为(25±1)℃,饲喂基础日粮;高温对照组:采用循环高温(32±1)℃,饲喂基础日粮;高温处理组HT1、HT2、HT3、HT4:采用循环高温,基础日粮中分别添加4,6,8,10 mg/kg斑蝥黄;试验期为4周。与常温对照组(NC)相比,高温环境下,怀乡鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠组织GSH-Px、T-AOC、T-SOD酶活性显著降低,MDA含量显著升高;HSP90AA1在十二指肠中呈差异显著下调;小肠绒毛发生断裂、上皮细胞间隙变大、小肠绒毛高度降低,肠绒毛排列疏松,部分发生脱落,小肠组织的细胞发生凋亡。饲粮中添加不同浓度的(4,6,8,10 mg/kg)斑蝥黄后,与高温对照组(HC)相比,十二指肠、空肠和回肠组织GSH-Px、T-AOC、T-SOD酶活性显著升高;MDA含量显著降低;饲粮中添加10 mg/kg斑蝥黄后,SOSTM1在十二指肠和空肠中呈差异显著下调,在回肠中的表达呈下调趋势,但差异不显著。饲粮添加8~10 mg/kg斑蝥黄有效缓解肠绒毛断裂、脱落和萎缩现象,减少小肠组织的细胞凋亡。高温环境下,怀乡鸡小肠组织的抗氧化能力显著降低,肠绒结构遭到破坏;饲粮中添加8~10 mg/kg斑蝥黄可以有效改善高温对小肠结构造成的应激损伤。

This study aims to study the effect of dietary cantharidin on antioxidant capacity and small intestinal mucosal structure of Huaixiang chickens under heat stress.Healthy 26-week-old female Huaixiang chickens were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups,6 replicates per group with 6 chickens.The normal-temperature control group(NC)and the high-temperature control group(HC)were fed with the basic diet,and the high temperature addition group HT1,HT2,HT3,and HT4 were extra fed with 4,6,8,10 mg/kg cantharidin,respectively.The temperature of the normal-temperature group was(25±1)℃,and the temperature of the high-temperature group is(32±1)℃(circulation for 8 h).The test period was 4 weeks.Compared with the normal temperature,GSH-Px,T-AOC and T-SOD enzyme activities of duodenum,jejunum,and ileum tissues of Huaixiang chickens were significantly reduced(P<0.05),but the depth of crypt was not significantly deepened,but with significantly higher MDA content;HSP90AA1 was significantly downregulated in the duodenum;small intestinal mucosal were broken,loosely arranged,and partially shed,and apoptosis occurred.Compared with the high-temperature control group,dietary supplemented with cantharidin(4,6,8,10 mg/kg)could significantly improve GSH-Px,T-AOC and TSOD enzyme activities,and reduce MDA content of duodenum,jejunum and ileum tissues;SOSTM1 was significantly down-regulated in the dodenum and junum,and it showed a trend of down-regulated expression in ileum,but the differences were not significant in statistical analysis following the addition of 10 mg/kg of cantharidin to the diet.Adding 8-10 mg/kg of cantharidin to the diet effectively alleviated small intestinal mucosal broken,shedding and atrophy,and reduced apoptosis in small intestine tissue.In conclusion,high temperature will damage antioxidant capacity of Huaixiang chicken and destroy the mucosal structure of the small intestine.However,dietary supplemented with 8-10 mg/kg cantharidin can effectively alleviate the intestinal mucosal structure of Huaixiang chickens caused by the high temperature environment.