计及几何和工程约束的风电叶片气动与结构特性分析

ANALYSIS OFAERODYNAMIC AND STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF WIND TURBINE BLADES WITH GEOMETRIC AND ENGINEERING CONSTRAINTS

为分析气动外形参数小幅度变化对风电叶片气动与结构特性的影响,以某5 MW海上风电叶片为研究对象,构建叶片CFD(计算流体力学)气动模型与复合材料有限元结构模型,考虑某个翼型参数改变引起其所在叶素段曲面形状变化的几何约束,在满足展向光顺性工程约束的前提下,计算不同位置叶素段翼型弦长与扭角的试验水平改变量,设计气动外形参数交互作用下的正交试验方案,采用极差分析和方差分析方法,选取来流风速分别为8.0、11.4、14.0 m/s的3种工况,分析气动外形参数对风电叶片气动扭矩和叶尖挠度的影响。结果表明,气动外形参数3%的试验水平改变量,能影响约6.7%的气动性能改变和约15.0%的结构性能改变;不同位置段气动外形参数主效应不同;不同位置段参数间的交互作用对叶片气动扭矩和叶尖挠度有着不同程度的影响。

To analyze the effect of small changes in aerodynamic shape parameters on the aerodynamic and structural performance of wind turbine blades,a 5 MW offshore wind turbine blade was used as the research object,a CFD aerodynamic model of the blade and a finite element structural model of the composite material were constructed,considering the geometric constraints on the change of the surface shape of the blade element segment caused by the change of a certain airfoil parameter,the test level change of the chord length and twist angle of the blade element segment at different positions were calculated under the premise of satisfying the engineering constraints of the spreading smoothness,and an orthogonal test was designed under the interaction of aerodynamic shape parameters,the effects of aerodynamic shape parameters on aerodynamic torque and tip deflection of wind turbine blades were analyzed by using range analysis and variance analysis for three operating conditions with incoming wind speeds of 8.0,11.4 and 14.0 m/s.The results show that a 3%change in the test level of the aerodynamic shape parameters can affect about 6.7%of the aerodynamic performance change and about 15.0%of the structural performance change.The main effects of aerodynamic shape parameters are different in different position segments.The interaction between the parameters in different position segments has different degrees of influence on the blade aerodynamic torque and blade tip deflection.