后腹腔镜根治性肾切除手术时间延长和术中出血量增多的影响因素分析

Risk factors of prolonged operation time and higher intraoperative blood loss in retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy

目的探讨经腹膜后入路腹腔镜根治性肾切除术(LRN)手术时间延长以及术中出血量增多的影响因素。方法回顾性分析北京安贞医院泌尿外科2010年8月至2021年12月接受腹膜后入路LRN患者临床资料,包括年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、既往腹部手术史、肿瘤大小、肿瘤侧别、分期、合并症、术中失血量和手术时间等指标。以手术时间和术中出血量的第75百分位数为分界点,手术时间超过215 min定义为手术时间延长,术中估计出血量超过200 ml定义为出血量增多。应用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析手术时间延长和术中出血量增多的相关因素,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价相关因素对后腹腔镜LRN手术时间延长和出血量增多的预测价值。结果本研究共纳入90例腹膜后入路LRN患者,其中22例(24.4%)出现手术时间延长,14例(15.6%)出现术中出血量增多。多因素Logistic回归结果显示术者经验(OR=0.13,P<0.001)是腹膜后LRN手术时间延长的独立危险因素,ROC曲线下面积为0.759,95%置信区间:0.638~0.880。另外,T分期(OR=3.18,P=0.007)和术者经验(OR=0.25,P=0.032)是腹膜后LRN术中出血量增多的独立危险因素,ROC曲线下面积0.769,95%置信区间:0.627~0.910。结论腹膜后入路LRN手术时间延长和术中出血量增多与术者手术经验和肿瘤分期有关。

ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors of prolonged operation time and higher intraoperative blood loss of retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN).MethodsThe data of patients who underwent retroperitoneal LRN from August 2010 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic and hospital admission data were collected from these patients with complete medical records. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were performed to determine the risk factor related to prolonged operation time and increased blood lose following LRN. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the value of risk factors for predicting prolonged operation time and high intraoperative blood loss.ResultsA total of 22 patients (24.4%) had prolonged operation time, and 14 patients (15.6%) had high intraoperative blood loss. The risk factor associated with prolonged operation time in a multivariate analysis was surgical experience (OR=0.13, P<0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.759 (95% confidence interval: 0.638-0.880) in the multivariate logistic regression model for predict prolonged operation time. Those associated with high intraoperative blood loss were surgical experience (OR=0.25, P=0.032) and tumor T stage (OR=3.18, P=0.007). The area under the ROC curve was 0.769 (95% confidence interval: 0.627-0.910) in the multivariate logistic regression model for predict high intraoperative blood loss.ConclusionsSurgical experience and tumor T stage were associated with the risk of prolonged operation time and high intraoperative blood loss.