基于中气“升降出入”理论探赜其相关组方之法

Exploring the Method of Related Formulas Based on the Theory of“Ascending,Descending,Exiting and Entering of the Middle Qi”

“升降出入”为万物之橐龠,亦为遣药组方法则之一,溯其源流,或可从中气与气机调畅探赜。中气乃运化生命之机,为升降之源,脾胃为升降之枢,脏腑阴阳、气血津液无不赖其升降调达,非一脏之气可概之,实为升降出入阴阳交合之枢纽,无器不有。遣方用药调畅气机升降须掌握各脏腑升降出入之生理、病理状态,掌握药物之升降浮沉及经典方剂配伍特点,补其不足,泻其有余,通其道而祛其邪。本文就中气斡旋失司之中气虚馁、中气郁滞、中气下陷、中气上越四端探究其方药运用,并结合历代文献的相关记述,梳理中气理论的发展脉络,根据升降出入理论相关组方法则,阐幽发微,赓续传承,指导临证治疗各科疾病。方随法出,基于中气“升降出入”理论探赜其相关组方之法,对临证调节五脏元真通畅有重要的指导意义。

The concept of“ascending,descending,exiting and entering”is a vivid symbol of all things,and also one of the methods of medicine formula formation.Its origin can be explored through the regulation of the middle qi and qi mechanism.Middle qi is the mechanism for transporting and transforming life.Middle qi is the source of ascending and descending qi,and the spleen and stomach are the pivot of the ascending and descending action.The yin and yang functions of viscera and bowels,the functions of qi,blood,and body fluids are carried out depending on qi's ascending and descending regulation.Middle qi cannot be generated as a qi of any specific organ,but is actually the hub for ascending,descending,exiting and entering of qi and the intersection of yin and yang,and every organ contributes to the formation of this qi.In order to prescribe formulae to regulate the movement of qi,medical practitioners must master the physiological and pathological states of the ascending,descending,exiting and entering movements qi of various organs,master the upbearing,downbearing,floating and sinking features of medicinals,and the compatibility characteristics of classic formulae.This way,deficiency can be supplemented,excess can be discharged,channels can be freed and pathogenic factors can be eliminated.This article aims to explore how to use traditional Chinese medicine to adjust deficiency,stagnation,fall,upward movement of middle qi.Based on relevant literature from previous dynasties and the theoretical development of middle qi,the theory of meddle qi is sorted out.Disease treatment can be guided according to the relevant formula rules of the theory of ascending,descending,exiting and entering theory.Thus,based on the theory of“ascending,descending,exiting and entering”of meddle qi,exploring its related formula formation methods has important guiding significance for clinical regulation of the true patency of the five visceral organs and elements.