节能领域的助推干预效果——基于现场实验类研究的荟萃分析

The Effect of Nudge in the Field of Energy Conservation:A Meta-analysis Based on Experimental Studies

助推干预由于低成本、运用简便,近年来被广泛应用于节能领域,然而这种方法的有效性在学界存在分歧。据此,研究运用荟萃分析技术,对2008年至2022年发表的55篇中英文实验类研究进行了荟萃分析,旨在探究节能领域助推干预的有效性,并进一步分析可能影响其有效性的潜在变量。研究发现:(1)节能领域的助推具有显著的干预效果,能够减少干预对象的实际能耗。(2)助推策略、干预时长、干预频率对节能领域的助推干预有显著的调节作用,而具体节能领域的调节效应不显著。总体而言,使用反馈的助推策略效果最佳,助推的影响随着干预时长的增加和频率的降低而逐渐减弱。研究不仅回应了学界的争议,厘清了节能领域助推干预效果异质性的主要原因,研究结论也对节能政策的完善提供了一定的政策启示。

Nudge has been widely used in the field of energy conservation in recent years due to its low cost and easy operation.However,its effectiveness has also been questioned by some scholars.This study used meta-analysis technology to conduct a systematic analysis of 55 experimental studies published in both Chinese and English from 2008 to 2022.The aim was to explore the effectiveness of nudge in the field of energy conservation and identify potential variables that may affect its effectiveness.Results of the meta-analysis are as follows:(1)Nudge in the field of energy conservation has a significant intervention effect,which can reduce the actual energy consumption of intervention subjects.(2)Nudge strategies,intervention duration,and intervention frequency have a significant moderating effect on nudge in the field of energy conservation.However,it shows no significant moderating effect in the specific energy-saving areas.Overall,the effect of using a feedback strategy is the best,and the impact of nudge is gradually weakened with the increase of intervention duration and the decrease of intervention frequency.This study responds to the academic controversy around this topic as well as clarifies the main reasons for the heterogeneity of the effect of nudge in the field of energy conservation.It also has important value for our government and relevant departments to better formulate policies and measures to guide energy-saving behavior.