含蜡原油集输管道结蜡规律及清洗技术研究

Study on wax deposition law and cleaning technology of waxy crude oil gathering and transportation pipeline

为了找出含蜡原油在集输管道中的结蜡规律,并有针对性的提出清蜡措施,提高含蜡原油的输送效率,实验室内采用冷指法蜡沉积模拟实验装置考察了油样温度、含蜡量以及碳数分布对蜡沉积量和蜡沉积速率的影响,并开展了含蜡原油集输管道热清洗现场实验。结果表明,油样的温度越高、原油中的含蜡量越高以及石蜡中的碳数分布越高,蜡沉积量和蜡沉积速率就越大,并且当沉积时间小于20h时,蜡沉积速率随沉积时间的延长而增大的幅度较大,当沉积时间大于20h后,蜡沉积速率变化的幅度逐渐减小。含蜡原油集输管道采取热清洗措施前,输送压力在1.3~1.6MPa之间,而热清洗后的输送压力则降低至0.5~0.7MPa之间,并且有效期较长,清管效果良好。

In order to find out the wax deposition rule of waxy crude oil in the gathering and transportation pipeline,and put forward targeted wax removal measures to improve the transportation efficiency of waxy crude oil,the influence of oil temperature,wax content and carbon number distribution on the wax deposition amount and wax deposition rate was investigated in the laboratory using the cold finger wax deposition simulation experimental device,and the thermal cleaning field experiment of waxy crude oil gathering and transportation pipeline was carried out.The results showed that the higher the temperature of the oil sample,the higher the wax content in the crude oil and the higher the carbon number distribution in the paraffin wax,the greater the wax deposition amount and the wax deposition rate.When the deposition time is less than 20h,the wax deposition rate increases with the extension of the deposition time,and when the deposition time is more than 20h,the change of the wax deposition rate gradually decreases.Before thermal cleaning measures are taken for waxy crude oil gathering and transportation pipeline,the delivery pressure is between 1.3MPa and 1.6MPa,while the delivery pressure after thermal cleaning is reduced to between 0.5MPa and 0.7MPa,with a long period of validity and good pigging effect.