湖南某高校10620名新生入学体检结果及高血压患病风险因素分析

Analysis of physical examination results and risk factors for hypertension among 10,620 freshmen enrolled in a university in Hunan,China

目的:分析湖南省某高校大学新生身体质量指数(BMI)与高血压检出率之间的关系进行分析,为大学生预防高血压病的发生提供流行病学依据,也为进一步加强大学生健康教育和个性化合理开展干预提供依据指导。方法:选取该校体检数据库中10620名2021级大学新生的入学体检资料,对性别、年龄、BMI和高血压等指标进行统计分析。结果:男生年龄明显小于女生、身高高于女生、体重及BMI大于女生、超重与肥胖比例以及收缩压与舒张压高于女生,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);高血压和非高血压组进行对比,患有高血压的学生年龄、体重、BMI高于非高血压者,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);超重和肥胖是学生患有高血压的独立危险因素(P<0.001)。结论:2021级湖南省某高校大学新生的超重、肥胖检出率较高,且男生高于女生,超重和肥胖学生高血压发生的危险分别增加了2.590倍和5.825倍,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001),高血压与BMI密切相关,因此,保持BMI值在正常范围内是有效预防高血压症状的重要举措,需要加强对大学生BMI的控制,降低高血压的发生率。

Objective To analyse the relationship between body mass index(BMI)and hypertension detection rate of freshmen in a university in Hunan Province,to provide epidemiological basis for the prevention of hypertension among university students,and to provide guidance for further strengthening the health education of university students and personalised and rational interventions.Methods 10,620 freshmen of the class of 2021 were selected from the university's physical examination database and statistically analysed for gender,age,body mass index(BMI)and hypertension.Results Male students were significantly younger than female students,significantly taller than female students,significantly larger than female students in terms of weight and BMI,and the proportion of overweight and obesity as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher than female students,with statistically significant differences(P<0.001);Comparing the hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups,the age,body weight,and BMI of students with hypertension were significantly higher than that of non-hypertensive ones,with statistically significant differences(P<0.001);Overweight and obesity are independent risk factors for students suffering from hypertension(P<0.001).Conclusions The detection rate of overweight and obesity among college freshmen of a university in Hunan Province in the class of 2021 was high,and it was higher for male students than female students;The risk of hypertension among overweight and obese students increased by 2.590 and 5.825 times,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001);Hypertension is closely related to the level of body mass index(BMI),so keeping the value of BMI in the normal range of regulation is an important step for effective prevention of hypertension symptoms,and it is necessary to strengthen the control of BMI of college students to reduce the incidence of hypertension.