基于DIVA-GIS建立海蛇丰度分布模式的新方法

A New Method of Establishing Abundance Distribution Model of Sea Snakes Based on DIVA-GIS

目的:利用目前可获取的可信度高的海蛇采集点经纬度数据,绘制出海蛇物种分布丰度地图,以更加直观呈现海蛇生物地理信息。方法:通过生物多样性信息网站、生物多样性信息网站、爬行动物数据库等下载2亚科7属56种12830个位点数据;运用DIVA-GIS软件,采用总体百分比划分法,设置高、中、低丰度的划分标准,分别绘制出5种晶格大小和不同3种邻域大小的海蛇分布图。结果:海蛇物种数的10%以下可定义为低丰度地区,30%以上为高丰度地区,其余为中丰度区,地图呈现效果较好。结论:逆向思维和取整思路贯穿于数据处理过程;“百分比总体划分结合邻域法”得到的地图更符合海蛇的生物特性;该方法可设置不同分辨率的地图,既可以运用于描述生物地理学,也可运用于解释生物地理学。

Objective:Using the available and currently credible consist of latitude and longitude data of sea snakes,the map of the species abundance distribution in the world has been drawn,so as to present their biogeographic information intuitively.Methods:The data including12830 loci of 56 species in 7 genera and 2 subfamilies have been downloaded through Global Biodiversity Information Facility and International Union for Conservation of Nature or The Reptile Database.Using DIVA-GIS software,setting the criteria of high,low and abundance,the global map of sea snakes distribution with general division method based on percentages have been drawn,including 5 grids size and 3 adjoints size.Result:The area contains Less than 10%of species could be defined as low abundance area,meanwhile the area contains more than 30%of species as high abundance area,so the rest as medium abundance area.Thus,the map presentation effect is better.Conclusion:The inverse thought and rounding ideas were used in data processing many times.The map obtained by"general division method based on percentages with adjoint"method is in accord with the biological characteristics of sea snakes more.This method could set maps with different resolutions,which would be used to describe biogeography and explain biogeography.