微生物菌肥对茄子生长发育及土壤环境的影响

Effects of microbial fertilizer on eggplant growth and development and soil environment

在天津市西青区温室内进行茄子施肥对比试验,以单施复合肥为对照(T0),选用复合肥和微生物菌肥折算质量不同配比设计了3个不同处理:T1(复合肥∶微生物菌肥=3∶1)、T2(复合肥∶微生物菌肥=1∶1)、T3(复合肥∶微生物菌肥=1∶3)。运用SPSS软件分析4个不同处理中茄子的株高、茎粗、最大叶面积、产量、相对叶绿素含量(SPAD值)并采用高通量测序技术分析T0和T3处理茄子生长基质中微生物多样性。结果表明,对茄子生长基质配施微生物菌肥后,微生物优势群落的数量发生改变,微生物种群的序列条数增加,物种的相对丰度提高,改善了微生物群落多样性;同时T3处理中茄子的产量最高,且株高、茎粗、最大叶面积、相对叶绿素含量等生理指标都较为突出。故T3为最佳肥料配比方案,此结果为茄子微生物菌肥的应用及可持续生产提供理论依据和实践指导。

The comparative fertilization experiment of eggplant was conducted in the greenhouse of Xiqing District,Tianjin.Taking single compound fertilizer as the control(T0),three different treatments were designed with different ratios of reduced mass of compound fertilizer and microbial fertilizer:T1(compound fertilizer∶microbial fertilizer=3∶1),T2(compound fertilizer∶microbial fertilizer=1∶1),T3(compound fertilizer∶microbial fertilizer=1∶3).SPSS software was used to analyze the plant height,stem diameter,maximum leaf area,yield,relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value)of eggplant in four different treatments,and high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the microbial diversity in eggplant growth substrate in T0 and T3 treatments.The results showed that after applying microbial fertilizer to eggplant growth substrate,the number of dominant microbial communities in the substrate changed,the sequence number of microbial populations increased,the relative abundance of species increased,and the diversity of microbial communities improved.At the same time,the yield of eggplant in T3 treatment was the highest,and plant height,stem diameter,maximum leaf area,relative chlorophyll content and other physiological indicators were more prominent.So T3 is the best fertilizer proportion scheme,and the results provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the application and sustainable production of eggplant microbial fertilizer.