母仔猪功能性复合益生菌发酵饲料的工艺优化和应用研究

Process optimization and application of functional compound probiotic fermented feed in sows and piglets

微生物固态发酵存在不易散热、厌氧控制难、以及产品稳定性差等难题,而且不同益生菌株之间的协同作用机制尚不清楚,研究旨在找到不同益生菌株之间的最佳配伍及其发酵工艺参数,并通过动物试验,开发一款母仔猪功能性生物发酵饲料。研究利用单因素试验设计,优化本实验室前期筛选得到的3株优良益生菌——芽孢枯草杆菌(BS-PCA)、植物乳杆菌KA、植物乳杆菌KC的发酵参数(接种量、发酵水分、发酵温度、发酵时间),并将固态发酵生物饲料应用于哺乳母猪、断奶仔猪饲料中,测定其对生长性能的影响。试验结果表明,饲料原料最佳发酵工艺为5.0%接种量、40%发酵水分、30~35℃发酵温度、发酵3 d。饲料原料经3 d发酵后,pH值由5.51下降到4.21,饲料粗蛋白质含量由25.12%上升到26.11%,酸溶蛋白含量由4.81%上升到5.89%。动物试验结果表明,与对照组相比,发酵饲料组可显著提高仔猪断奶窝重和断奶增重(P<0.05),同时显著提高母猪日均采食量(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,发酵饲料组显著提高仔猪日增重,降低饲料料重比(P<0.05),同时发酵饲料还能提高仔猪成活率,显著降低仔猪腹泻率(P<0.05)。该试验采用高效呼吸袋微生物发酵技术研制出了一种安全、高效、稳定的母仔猪功能性生物发酵饲料。

Microbial solid fermentation is difficult to dissipate heat,difficult to control anaerobic,poor product stability and other problems,and the synergistic mechanism between different probiotic strains is not clear,the study aims to find the best compatibility between different probiotic strains and its fermentation process parameters,and develop a functional biological fermented feed for female piglets through animal experiments.In this study,a single factor experimental design was used to optimize the fermentation parameters(inoculation amount,moisture,fermentation temperature and fermentation time)of 3 strains of excellent probiotics,namely Subtilis sphaerae(BS-PCA),Lactobacillus plantarum KA and Lactobacillus plantarum KC,which were screened in the laboratory in the previous stage,and the solid-state fermentation biological feed was applied to the feed of lactating sows and weaning piglets.The effect on growth performance was measured.The experimental results showed that the optimal fermentation process of feed raw materials was 5.0%inoculation amount,40%fermentation water,30~35℃,3 days of fermentation.After 3 days of fermentation,pH value decreased from 5.51 to 4.21,crude protein content increased from 25.12%to 26.11%,acid-soluble protein content increased from 4.81%to 5.89%.The animal test results showed that compared with the control group,the fermented feed group could significantly increase the weaning litter weight and weaning gain(P<0.05),and significantly increase the average daily feed intake of sows(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,fermented feed group could significantly increase the daily gain of piglets,reduce the ratio of feed to meat(P<0.05),improve the survival rate of piglets,and significantly reduce the diarrhea rate of piglets(P<0.05).In this experiment,a safe,efficient and stable functional biological fermented feed for female piglets was developed by using high efficiency breathing bag microbial fermentation technology.