多功能可反光观察接产凳在助产士助产工作中的临床应用

Clinical use of a multifunctional reflective observation stool in midwifery

目的比较国外引进接产凳和我科多功能可反光观察接产凳进行坐式分娩在临床中的效果。方法选择2022年7—12月于杭州市第一人民医院产科分娩的130例低危初产妇为研究对象,依据使用的坐式分娩凳的不同将运用国外引进接产凳坐式分娩的65例产妇设为对照组,运用杭州市第一人民医院产科多功能可反光观察接产凳坐式分娩的65例产妇设为观察组。比较2组产妇的会阴裂伤程度、会阴侧切率、会阴水肿及会阴疼痛程度、第二产程用时、分娩后2 h出血量、分娩方式、分娩后新生儿窒息或新生儿死亡的发生情况、产妇的舒适度以及子宫复旧情况、产褥病率和产后住院时间。结果观察组产妇会阴裂伤程度、会阴侧切率明显低于对照组,同时观察组第二产程所用时间明显短于对照组[(33.43±11.26)min vs.(63.56±11.58)min],分娩后2 h出血量少于对照组[(234.42±37.68)mL vs.(265.67±37.99)mL],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组新生儿窒息发生率为6.15%(4/65),明显低于对照组的18.46%(12/65),同时观察组产妇子宫复旧情况优于对照组,产褥病发生率低于对照组且产后住院时间较对照组短,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论与国外引进接产凳坐式分娩相比,运用多功能可反光观察接产凳坐式分娩具有保护会阴,减轻会阴疼痛,缩短产程和产后住院时间,促进产妇舒适分娩的优势。

Objective Comparison of the clinical effectiveness of foreign-imported birthing stools and our department's multi-functional reflective observation birthing stool for seated delivery.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on low-risk primiparous women who gave birth at Hangzhou First People's Hospital from July to December 2022.Based on the different types of birthing stools used,a total of 65 women who underwent seated delivery with foreign-imported birthing stools were assigned to the control group,and another 65 women who underwent seated delivery with the Hangzhou First People's Hospital multi-functional reflective observation birthing stool were assigned to the experimental group.The degree of perineal tears,episiotomy rate,perineal oedema and pain,duration of second stage of labour,postpartum bleeding within 2 hours,mode of delivery,occurrence of neonatal asphyxia or neonatal death,maternal comfort,uterine involution,puerperal morbidity rate,and length of postpartum hospital stay were compared between the two groups.Results The experimental group,using the multifunctional reflective observation birthing stool had significantly lower rates of perineal laceration and episiotomy than the control group using foreign-imported birthing stools.In addition,the duration of the second stage of labour was significantly shorter in the experimental group[(33.43±11.26)min]than in the control group[(63.56±11.58)min];The experimental group also had less postpartum bleeding[(234.42±37.68)mL vs.(265.67±37.99)mL],and these differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).In addition,the incidence of neonatal asphyxia in the experimental group(6.15%,4/65)was significantly lower than in the control group(18.46%,12/65).The experimental group showed better uterine involution than the control group,with a lower incidence of puerperal morbidity and shorter postpartum hospital stay.These differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion Compared to foreign birthing stools,the use of the multifunctional reflective observation birthing stool for seated delivery offers advantages in protecting against perineal tears and episiotomy,reducing perineal pain,shortening the duration of labour and the length of hospital stay after delivery,thus promoting maternal comfort.