基于生态系统服务价值评估的生态网络构建——以合肥市为例

Ecological Network Construction Based on Ecosystem Service Valuation: A Case Study of Hefei City

城镇化进程的快速推进引起的生态问题,对区域生态安全格局造成威胁,构建生态网络可提升景观连通性,促进生态系统服务功能稳定发挥。本文以合肥市为例,基于2020年土地利用数据,采用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)、生态系统服务价值评估、最小累积阻力模型(MCR)以及重力模型等方法构建生态网络,并提出调控策略。结果表明:(1)合肥市生态源地主要由林地、水体构成,面积共1 035.41 km^(2),主要分布于浮槎山、巢湖等生态系统服务价值较高的地区。空间上源地中部分布较为密集,南部稀少且面积相对较小。(2)合肥市生态廊道共55条,总长度为2 243.37 km,其中重要生态廊道8条,总长为523.64 km。生态廊道整体呈东密南疏的空间分布特征。(3)结合研究结果及国土空间规划要求,提出建立“一核多点三区”的生态安全保护格局,通过核心保护、分区管控等措施优化生态网络的建设,研究可为合肥市国土空间整治及生态安全格局优化提供理论参考。

Ecological problems caused by the rapid advancement of urbanization have threatened the regional ecological security pattern,and the construction of ecological networks can enhance landscape connectivity and promote the stable performance of ecosystem service functions.Taking Hefei City as an example,based on the land use data in 2020,morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA),ecosystem service value assessment,minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model and gravity model were used to construct the ecological network and propose the regulation strategy.The results show that:(1) the ecological source land in Hefei mainly consists of forest land and water bodies,with a total area of 1 035.41 km^(2),mainly distributed in areas with high ecosystem service value such as Fucha Mountain and Chaohu Lake. Spatially,the distribution of the source area in the middle of the city is relatively dense, while the area in the south is sparse and relatively small.( 2) There are 55 ecological corridors in Hefei, with a total length of 2 243.37 km,including 8 important ecological corridors,with a total length of 523.64 km. The overall spatial distribution of ecological corridors is dense in the east and sparse in the south.( 3) Combined with the results of the study and the requirements of national spatial planning,it is proposed to establish an ecological security protection pattern of “one core,multiple points and three zones”,and to optimize the construction of ecological networks through core protection,zoning control and other measures. The study can provide theoretical references for the national spatial planning and the optimization of ecological security pattern in Hefei.