针对性饮食管理对扁桃体切除术后患儿的影响

Effect of targeted dietary management on postoperative recovery and immunoglobulin in children with tonsillectomy

目的 探讨针对性饮食管理对扁桃体切除术患儿术后恢复、免疫球蛋白的影响。方法 选取2021年7月-2022年7月医院耳鼻喉科接受内镜下等离子扁桃体切除术的152例患儿为研究对象,按基本资料具有可比性的原则分为观察组78例和对照组74例。对照组患儿接受常规术后治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上接受针对性饮食管理,比较两组患儿术后Wong-Baker面部表情量表得分、免疫球蛋白、术后恢复情况以及并发症发生情况。结果 术后24 h、48 h,观察组患儿VAS得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患儿白膜脱落时间、总住院时间以及儿童自我报告术后恢复问卷(PRiC)得分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前1 d,两组间患儿IgG、IgM、IgA、IgE比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后15 d,两组组患儿IgG、IgM、IgA、IgE均降低,观察组各指标均高于对照组,其中IgG、IgM、IgA组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后观察组生理、学习、活力、日常行为及总分高于对照组;观察组患儿并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 针对性饮食管理有利于小儿扁桃体切除术术后疼痛控制、术后恢复以及改善免疫功能,同时可以有效降低术后出血、感染等风险,可视为小儿扁桃体切除术后治疗的重要环节。

Objective To explore the effects of targeted dietary management on postoperative recovery and immunoglobulin in children with tonsillectomy.Methods 152 children who underwent endoscopic plasma tonsillectomy in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the hospital from July 2021 to July 2022 were selected as the study subjects,they were divided into 78 cases of the observation group and 74 cases of the control group according to the principle of the comparability of basic data.The children in the control group received conventional postoperative treatment,and the observation group received targeted dietary management on the basis of the treatment in the control group,comparing the postoperative scores of Wong-Baker Facial Expression Scale,immunoglobulin,postoperative recovery,and the occurrence of complications between the two groups.Results At 24 h and 48 h postoperatively,the VAS scores of the children in the observation group were lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The children in the observation group had lower leucorrhoea detachment time,total hospital stay,and Postoperative Recovery Questionnaire for Children Self-Report(PRiC)scores than those in the control group,and the diff erence was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).At 1 d preoperatively,there was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of children's IgG,IgM,IgA,and IgE between the two groups(P>0.05);at 15 d postoperatively,children's IgG,IgM,IgA,and IgE were reduced in both groups,and all the indexes of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,with statistically signifi cant diff erences between the IgG,IgM,and IgA groups(P<0.05).Physiological,learning,vitality,daily behaviour and total score of the observation group were higher than that of the control group after the intervention;the complication rate of children in the observation group was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).Conclusion Targeted dietary management is conducive to postoperative pain control,postoperative recovery and improvement of immune function after paediatric tonsillectomy,and it can effectively reduce the risk of postoperative bleeding and infection,which can be regarded as an important part of postoperative treatment of paediatric tonsillectomy.