生物炭改性及在环境污染治理方面的应用

Biochar Modification and Its Application in the Pollution Control

生物炭是生物质经过热化学过程形成的一种多孔材料,具有优良的表面性能和结构,富含碳元素.生物炭的原料来源广泛、制备工艺简单,是一种理想的活性炭替代材料.生物炭的高含碳量、大比表面积、丰富的表面官能团和大的阳离子交换量等特性,使其在环境领域中发挥重要作用.概述几种常用的生物炭制备技术,探讨影响生物炭理化性质的因素,并重点介绍改性生物炭的几种方法及其在土壤修复、废水处理等环境领域的应用.此外,还指出当前研究中存在的不足之处,并提出有关生物炭未来研究方向的建议.

Biochar is a kind of porous material formed by the pyrolysis of biomass,which has excellent surface properties and structure,and is rich in carbon.Biochar is an ideal substitute for activated carbon due to its wide source of raw materials and simple preparation process.Due to its high carbon content,large specific surface area,abundant surface functional groups,and large cation exchange capacity,biochar plays an important role in the environmental field.This paper summarizes several common biochar preparation technologies,discusses the factors affecting the physical and chemical properties of biochar,and highlights several modification methods and applications of modified biochar in soil restoration and wastewater treatment.In addition,the shortcomings existing in the current research are pointed out,and suggestions for future research directions of biochar are proposed.