碳酸盐岩缝洞型底水气藏开发技术对策研究现状

Current status of development technique strategy for fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs with bottom water

强构造改造条件下形成的碳酸盐岩缝洞型底水气藏流体分布特征通常十分复杂,非系统指导下形成的气藏开发技术对策往往难以应对底水沿裂缝纵窜横侵的特性,加甚气藏出水的同时降低气藏开发效率,加持部分气藏异常高压和气藏含硫的影响,导致气藏开发风险上升的同时增加了气藏整体开发难度。基于该类型气藏在全球天然气市场的重要地位和巨大的勘探潜力,需要在对其现有发展速度进行保护的基础上拓展该类型气藏的开发程度。本文通过分析国内外已开发碳酸盐岩缝洞型底水气藏的典型实例,针对气藏开发过程中出现的气藏出水、构造复杂、气藏含硫、异常高压、开发经验匮乏五大问题,从技术优化改造、先进技术引进、开发经验学习三方面提出开发技术对策,并从气藏整体开发的宏观角度出发对气藏整体开发方案制定流程进行总结,该研究思路同时也适用于岩性不同、类型不同、储集空间不同的气藏开发,可为我国未来天然气工业发展的技术储备奠定基础。

The fluid distribution characteristics of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs with bottom water formed under the condition of strong structural reconstruction are usually very complicated.Development technology countermeasure of gas reservoir created under non-system guidance cannot detect invasion of bottom water,the risk of gas reservoirs development is paralleled by an decrease in development efficiency,which makes the gas reservoir water more serious and reduces the gas reservoir development effciency,moreover,due to the abormal high pressure and the sulfur content in some gas reservoirs,the development risk of gas reservoir increases and the overall development difficulty of gas reservoir increases.Considering the important position and huge exploration potential of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs with bottom water in the global gas market,it is necessary to expand the development degree of this type of gas reservoir on the basis of the protection of its current development rate.In this paper,by analyzing the classic example of developed domestic and foreign fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs with bottom water,aim at five problems in the development process of gas reservoir,such as gas reservoir outlet,complex structure,sour gas reservoir water,abnormal high pressure and the lack of development experience,put forward some countermeasures from three aspects,such as technical optimization and transformation,advanced technology introduction and development experience learning.In addition,the formulation process of the overall development of gas reservoirs is summarized from the macro point of view of the overall development of gas reservoirs.This research idea is also applicable to the development of gas reservoirs with different lithologies,types and reservoir spaces,which can lay a foundation for the technical reserve for the future development of natural gas industy in China.