奇楠沉香种质资源评价及优良品系早期生长分析

Evaluation of Aquilaria sinensis‘Qi Nan’germplasm resources and early growth analysis of excellent clones

【目的】奇楠沉香是白木香中的易结香品系,不同品系的奇楠沉香对同一地区的环境适应性不同。为了解26个奇楠沉香品系在广东潮州地区的生长情况,筛选适合当地推广种植的优良品系。【方法】以26个奇楠沉香品系为研究材料,调查种植1年后试验林的生长性状和光合生理特征,分析不同品系间各指标之间的差异及相关性,并进行聚类分析,筛选长势优良的品系。【结果】不同奇楠沉香品系之间的保存率、苗高、地径、冠幅以及气体交换参数均存在显著差异(P <0.05),其中保存率的变化范围为44.4%~92.2%,保存率最高的是Diao YW,最低的是Xiang SYH;苗高的变化范围为103~174 cm,地径的变化范围为18.5~36.1 mm,冠幅的变化范围为43~94 cm,苗高、地径和冠幅最大的都是Jin SY,最小的都是Bo LZ。相关性分析显示地径与苗高呈极显著正相关(P <0.01)、与冠幅呈显著正相关(P <0.05),冠幅与保存率呈极显著正相关(P <0.01)。聚类分析将26个参试品系分为3类,第2类长势最好,保存率和苗高分别在83.3%和144 cm以上,包括Diao YW、Lan BS、Jin SZ、Jin SY和Xiang J;第3类长势最差,保存率和苗高分别低于64%和130 cm,包括Xiang SYH、Xi GY、You YZ、Hong GJY和Bo LZ;第1类长势居中,保存率和苗高介于第2类和第3类之间。【结论】26个奇楠沉香品系中的Diao YW、Lan BS、Jin SZ、Jin SY和Xiang J生长速度快且保存率高,适宜在潮州地区推广种植。

【Objective】Aquilaria sinensis‘Qi Nan’clones belong to Aquilaria sinensis,which has the characteristics of easier induced agarwood,and different strains of A.sinensis‘Qi Nan’clones have different environmental adaptability to the same region.In order to understand the growth status of 26 A.sinensis‘Qi Nan’clones in Chaozhou,Guangdong,and then select excellent A.sinensis‘Qi Nan’clones suitable for promotion and cultivation.【Method】26 A.sinensis‘Qi Nan’clones were used as research materials for this study.The growth traits and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of the 1-year-old experimental forest were investigated,and the differences and correlations between various indicators among different strains were analyzed.Cluster analysis method were used to screen for the clones with excellent growth performance.【Result】There were significant differences in seedling height,preservation rate,ground diameter,crown width,and photosynthetic physiological indicators among the 26 A.sinensis‘Qi Nan’clones.The variation range of preservation rate was 44.4%-92.2%,with the highest preservation rate of Diao YW and the lowest of Xiang SYH having;The variation range of seedling height was 103-174 cm,the variation range of ground diameter was 18.5-36.1 mm,and the variation range of crown width was 43-94 cm.The values of seedling height,ground diameter,and crown width in Jin SY were the highest,while it was the lowest in Bo LZ.Correlation analysis showed a highly significant positive correlation between ground diameter and seedling height(P<0.01),and a significant positive correlation between ground diameter and crown diameter(P<0.05),and a highly significant positive correlation between crown diameter and survival rate(P<0.01).Cluster analysis clustered 26 A.sinensis‘Qi Nan’clones into three categories.The second category had the best growth,with survival rates and seedling heights above 83.3%and 144 cm,respectively,including Diao YW,Lan BS,Jin SZ,Jin SY,and Xiang J.The third category had the worst growth,with preservation rates and seedling heights below 64%and 130 cm,respectively,including Xiang SYH,Xi GY,You YZ,Hong GJY and Bo LZ.The first category had a moderate growth,with survival rates and seedling heights between the second and third categories.【Conclusion】Diao YW,Lan BS,Jin SZ,Jin SY and Xiang J from 26 A.sinensis‘Qi Nan’clones with fast growth rates and high survival rates in this study,which were suitable for promotion and planting in Chaozhou.